Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Aging Cell. 2024 Aug;23(8):e14226. doi: 10.1111/acel.14226. Epub 2024 May 29.
Dysregulation of growth hormone (GH) signaling consistently leads to increased lifespan in laboratory rodents, yet the precise mechanisms driving this extension remain unclear. Understanding the molecular underpinnings of the beneficial effects associated with GH deficiency could unveil novel therapeutic targets for promoting healthy aging and longevity. In our pursuit of identifying metabolites implicated in aging, we conducted an unbiased lipidomic analysis of serum samples from growth hormone-releasing hormone knockout (GHRH-KO) female mice and their littermate controls. Employing a targeted lipidomic approach, we specifically investigated ceramide levels in GHRH-KO mice, a well-established model of enhanced longevity. While younger GHRH-KO mice did not exhibit notable differences in serum lipids, older counterparts demonstrated significant reductions in over one-third of the evaluated lipids. In employing the same analysis in liver tissue, GHRH-KO mice showed pronounced downregulation of numerous ceramides and hexosylceramides, which have been shown to elicit many of the tissue defects that accompany aging (e.g., insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and cell death). Additionally, gene expression analysis in the liver tissue of adult GHRH-KO mice identified substantial decreases in several ceramide synthesis genes, indicating that these alterations are, at least in part, attributed to GHRH-KO-induced transcriptional changes. These findings provide the first evidence of disrupted ceramide metabolism in a long-lived mammal. This study sheds light on the intricate connections between GH deficiency, ceramide levels, and the molecular mechanisms influencing lifespan extension.
生长激素(GH)信号的失调一致导致实验啮齿动物的寿命延长,但导致这种延长的确切机制仍不清楚。了解与 GH 缺乏相关的有益影响的分子基础可能揭示促进健康衰老和长寿的新治疗靶点。在我们寻找与衰老相关的代谢物的过程中,我们对生长激素释放激素敲除(GHRH-KO)雌性小鼠及其同窝对照的血清样本进行了无偏脂质组学分析。我们采用靶向脂质组学方法,特别研究了 GHRH-KO 小鼠中的神经酰胺水平,这是一种增强长寿的成熟模型。虽然年轻的 GHRH-KO 小鼠的血清脂质没有明显差异,但年龄较大的小鼠有三分之一以上的脂质水平显著降低。在对肝组织进行相同分析时,GHRH-KO 小鼠表现出许多神经酰胺和己糖神经酰胺的明显下调,这些物质已被证明会引发许多伴随衰老的组织缺陷(例如,胰岛素抵抗、氧化应激和细胞死亡)。此外,成年 GHRH-KO 小鼠肝组织中的基因表达分析表明,几种神经酰胺合成基因的表达显著降低,表明这些变化至少部分归因于 GHRH-KO 诱导的转录变化。这些发现提供了在长寿哺乳动物中神经酰胺代谢紊乱的第一个证据。这项研究揭示了 GH 缺乏、神经酰胺水平和影响寿命延长的分子机制之间的复杂联系。