State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GXAAS), Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China.
DNA Res. 2024 Jun 1;31(3). doi: 10.1093/dnares/dsae017.
Pueraria montana var. lobata (P. lobata) is a traditional medicinal plant belonging to the Pueraria genus of Fabaceae family. Pueraria montana var. thomsonii (P. thomsonii) and Pueraria montana var. montana (P. montana) are its related species. However, evolutionary history of the Pueraria genus is still largely unknown. Here, a high-integrity, chromosome-level genome of P. lobata and an improved genome of P. thomsonii were reported. It found evidence for an ancient whole-genome triplication and a recent whole-genome duplication shared with Fabaceae in three Pueraria species. Population genomics of 121 Pueraria accessions demonstrated that P. lobata populations had substantially higher genetic diversity, and P. thomsonii was probably derived from P. lobata by domestication as a subspecies. Selection sweep analysis identified candidate genes in P. thomsonii populations associated with the synthesis of auxin and gibberellin, which potentially play a role in the expansion and starch accumulation of tubers in P. thomsonii. Overall, the findings provide new insights into the evolutionary and domestication history of the Pueraria genome and offer a valuable genomic resource for the genetic improvement of these species.
野葛（Pueraria montana var. lobata）是豆科葛属的一种传统药用植物。粉葛（P. montana var. thomsonii）和甘葛藤（P. montana var. montana）是其近缘种。然而，野葛属的进化历史在很大程度上仍然未知。本研究报道了野葛的高质量、染色体水平基因组和改良的粉葛基因组。研究结果为三个野葛属物种中存在古老的全基因组三倍体和与豆科植物共享的近期全基因组复制提供了证据。对 121 个野葛属植物样本的群体基因组学研究表明，野葛属植物的遗传多样性显著更高，粉葛可能是由野葛驯化而来的亚种。选择扫描分析鉴定了与生长素和赤霉素合成相关的候选基因，这些基因可能在粉葛属植物块茎的扩张和淀粉积累中发挥作用。总的来说，这些发现为野葛属的进化和驯化历史提供了新的见解，并为这些物种的遗传改良提供了有价值的基因组资源。
