Institute of Veterinary Sciences, Sâad Dahlab University of Blida 1, Street Soumâa, BP 270, Blida 09000, Algeria; Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials Interfaces Applied to the Environment, Sâad Dahlab University of Blida 1, Street Soumâa, BP 270, Blida 09000, Algeria.
Institute of Veterinary Sciences, Sâad Dahlab University of Blida 1, Street Soumâa, BP 270, Blida 09000, Algeria.
Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2024 Jul;110:102201. doi: 10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102201. Epub 2024 May 22.
Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common zoonotic parasitic diseases worldwide and is caused by Toxoplasma gondii. It is implicated in reproductive disorders in small ruminants. This study aims to determine, for the first time in Algeria, the seroprevalence and associated factors of T. gondii infection in goats. The study was conducted in four regions, Ghardaia, Laghouat and Djelfa, southern Algeria, and Jijel region, northern Algeria. A total of 92 blood samples were collected including 74 females and 18 males. All sera were tested using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect the T. gondii antibodies. The presence of anti-T. gondii antibodies was detected in 35 out of 92 goats (38.04%) (95% CI: 31.64%-44.44%) and in all flocks (100%). Risk factors that have a significant influence on the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection are breed, regions, production system, presence of cats, clinics and abortion history. However, variables such as age and gender were note significantly associated with toxoplasma infection in goats. The highest seroprevalences of infection was observed in saanen (52.94%) (p<0.001) and cross-breed race (44%) (p<0.01) in comparison with other breeds. Regarding regions, Jijel and Laghouat were most infected with seroprevalences of 50% (p<0.001) and 40.91% (p<0.01), respectively. Animals in intensive production systems were most infected, showing a seroprevalence of 51.85%, in comparison with extensive (28.13%) and semi-intensive systems (36.36%) (p<0.001). The presence of cats in farms was significantly associated with high seroprevalence (44.64%) (p<0.001). The infection was more prevalent in previously aborted females (50%) than females that had never aborted (3.35%) (p<0.001)and animals that have diarrhoea or poor health (41.67%) were significantly more infected than healthy animals (37.50%) (p<0.01). Seroprevalence in males (38.89%) was very close to those in females (37.84%) (p>0.05). Age-related seroprevalence did not vary significantly (ranged from 36.37% to 40%) between the three age classes. These results indicate that goat toxoplasmosis is widespread in Algeria, and goats may represent a high risk of contamination for humans. This requires more attention during consumption of goat meat.
弓形体病是全球最常见的人畜共患寄生虫病之一，由刚地弓形虫引起。它与小反刍动物的繁殖障碍有关。本研究旨在首次在阿尔及利亚确定山羊中弓形体感染的血清流行率和相关因素。该研究在阿尔及利亚南部的盖尔达亚、拉格瓦特和杰勒法地区以及北部的吉杰勒地区进行。共采集了 92 份血样，包括 74 只雌性和 18 只雄性。所有血清均采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测弓形体抗体。结果显示，92 只山羊中有 35 只（38.04%）（95%CI：31.64%-44.44%）和所有羊群（100%）均检测到抗弓形体抗体。对弓形体感染血清流行率有显著影响的风险因素是品种、地区、生产系统、猫的存在、临床症状和流产史。然而，年龄和性别等变量与山羊感染弓形体病之间没有显著关联。感染率最高的是萨能山羊（52.94%）（p<0.001）和杂交品种（44%）（p<0.01），而其他品种的感染率较低。在地区方面，吉杰勒和拉格瓦特的感染率最高，分别为 50%（p<0.001）和 40.91%（p<0.01）。集约化生产系统中的动物感染率最高，为 51.85%，而半集约化和粗放化生产系统中的动物感染率分别为 28.13%和 36.36%（p<0.001）。农场中猫的存在与高感染率显著相关（44.64%）（p<0.001）。曾经流产的雌性动物（50%）的感染率高于从未流产的雌性动物（3.35%）（p<0.001），而患有腹泻或健康状况不佳的动物（41.67%）的感染率显著高于健康动物（37.50%）（p<0.01）。雄性动物（38.89%）的感染率与雌性动物（37.84%）非常接近（p>0.05）。三个年龄组之间的年龄相关感染率没有显著差异（范围为 36.37%至 40%）。这些结果表明，阿尔及利亚的山羊弓形体病广泛流行，山羊可能对人类造成高污染风险。在食用山羊肉时需要更加注意。
