School of Health Sciences, TecnoCampus, University Pompeu Fabra, Av. Ernest Lluch 32, 08302, Mataró, Barcelona, Spain.
Research Group in Attention to Chronic Care and Health Innovation, TecnoCampus, University Pompeu Fabra, Mataró, Spain.
Breast Cancer. 2024 Sep;31(5):815-824. doi: 10.1007/s12282-024-01596-0. Epub 2024 May 30.
Patients living with and beyond breast cancer frequently exhibit several side effects that can impact quality of life and physical functioning way beyond diagnosis and cancer therapies. Traditional on-land exercise has shown to be effective in reducing several symptoms of BC but little is known about the role of water-based exercise in improving physical and psychological well-being.
To compare land- vs. water-based exercise training for BC survivors to improve Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), cancer-related fatigue (CRF), physical functioning, body composition and physical activity in patients with BC.
A randomised, parallel group (1:1) controlled trial was conducted between 2020 and 2022. Patients were randomly allocated to complete a similar exercise training twice weekly during 12 weeks either on land (LG) using traditional gym equipment or in a swimming pool (WG) using body-weight exercises and water-suitable accessories. Both groups were supervised and monitored by an experienced physiotherapist. Main outcome was HRQoL (EORTC QLQ C30 and B23 module) and CRF measured with the Piper Scale. Secondary variables included functional capacity with the 6 Minutes Walking Test (6MWT), upper and lower body strength (handgrip strength and 30″ Sit-to-Stand (STS) test), body composition and objectively measured physical activity.
28 patients were assessed and randomised during the study period. One patient did not receive the allocated intervention due to skin issues and one patient was dropped out during the intervention. A significant effect of time was found for both symptom severity (F(,) = 6.46, p = 0.003) and overall functioning (F = 5.215, p =0 .013) but no interaction was found between group and time. No effects were reported for CRF. Similar findings were reported for functional capacity (time effect F = 16.818, p < 0.001) and lower body strength (time effect F = 15.120, p < 0.001) as well as fat mass (time effect F = 4.38, p = 0.017). Notably, a significant time per group interaction was reported for physical activity (F = 6.349, p =0.003) with patients in the WG significantly improving PA levels over time while patients in the LG exhibited a marked decreased.
Exercise training either in water or on land can decrease symptom severity and improve functionality and body composition. Water-based training seems more effecting than land-based exercise to improve physical activity patterns over time.
患有乳腺癌和乳腺癌幸存者经常表现出多种副作用，这些副作用会影响生活质量和身体功能，远远超出诊断和癌症治疗的范围。传统的陆地运动已被证明可以有效减轻乳腺癌的多种症状，但对于水上运动在改善身体和心理健康方面的作用知之甚少。
比较陆地与水上运动训练对乳腺癌幸存者的影响，以改善乳腺癌患者的健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）、癌症相关疲劳（CRF）、身体功能、身体成分和身体活动。
这是一项在 2020 年至 2022 年期间进行的随机、平行组（1:1）对照试验。患者被随机分配在 12 周内每周两次完成类似的运动训练，在陆地上（LG）使用传统的健身房设备，或在游泳池中（WG）使用体重运动和适合水的附件。两组均由经验丰富的物理治疗师进行监督和监测。主要结局是使用 EORTC QLQ C30 和 B23 模块测量的 HRQoL 和用 Piper 量表测量的 CRF。次要变量包括 6 分钟步行测试（6MWT）的功能能力、上肢和下肢力量（握力和 30 秒坐站测试（STS））、身体成分和客观测量的身体活动。
在研究期间，对 28 名患者进行了评估和随机分组。一名患者因皮肤问题未接受分配的干预，一名患者在干预期间退出。时间对症状严重程度（F（，）= 6.46，p = 0.003）和整体功能（F = 5.215，p = 0.013）均有显著影响，但组间无交互作用。CRF 无影响。功能能力（时间效应 F = 16.818，p < 0.001）和下肢力量（时间效应 F = 15.120，p < 0.001）以及体脂（时间效应 F = 4.38，p = 0.017）也报告了类似的发现。值得注意的是，身体活动的时间与组间交互作用有显著意义（F = 6.349，p = 0.003），WG 组的患者随着时间的推移身体活动水平显著提高，而 LG 组的患者则明显下降。
无论是在水上还是在陆地上进行运动训练，都可以减轻症状严重程度，提高功能和身体成分。水上训练似乎比陆地训练更能有效地改善身体活动模式。
