Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa.
Section of Paediatric Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Front Public Health. 2024 May 15;12:1359663. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1359663. eCollection 2024.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common cause of congenital infection internationally, occurring in 0.67% of births, and increasingly recognised as a major public health burden due to the potential for long-term neurodevelopmental and hearing impairment. This burden includes estimates of 10% of childhood cerebral palsy and up to 25% of childhood deafness. In Sub-Saharan Africa, where CMV-seroprevalence is almost ubiquitous, prevalence of congenital CMV (cCMV) is higher than the global average, and yet there is a dearth of research and initiatives to improve recognition, diagnosis and treatment. This narrative review outlines the epidemiology and clinical presentation of cCMV, discusses issues of case identification and treatment in Sub-Saharan Africa, and recommends a framework of strategies to address these challenges. Considering the significant burden of cCMV disease in this setting, it is undoubtably time we embark upon improving diagnosis and care for these infants.
巨细胞病毒(CMV)是国际上最常见的先天性感染原因,在出生人口中占 0.67%,由于其存在导致长期神经发育和听力损伤的潜在风险,日益被认为是一个主要的公共卫生负担。这一负担包括估计有 10%的儿童脑瘫和高达 25%的儿童耳聋。在巨细胞病毒血清流行率几乎无处不在的撒哈拉以南非洲地区,先天性巨细胞病毒(cCMV)的流行率高于全球平均水平,但在提高认识、诊断和治疗方面的研究和举措却很少。本叙述性综述概述了 cCMV 的流行病学和临床表现,讨论了撒哈拉以南非洲地区病例识别和治疗方面的问题,并建议了应对这些挑战的策略框架。鉴于这种情况下 cCMV 疾病的巨大负担,毫无疑问,现在是我们着手改善对这些婴儿的诊断和护理的时候了。