Department of Public Health, History of Science and Gynecology, Miguel Hernandez University, San Juan de Alicante, Spain.
CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain.
PLoS One. 2024 May 30;19(5):e0303203. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303203. eCollection 2024.
Patients' decisions on prostate cancer (PCa) opportunistic screening may vary. This study aimed to assess how demographic and health-related characteristics may influence knowledge and decisions regarding PCa screening.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among men aged over 40, randomly sampled from the Spanish population, 2022. The survey underwent development and content validation using a modified Delphi method and was administered via telephone. Binomial logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between respondents' characteristics and participants' knowledge and practices concerning PCa and the PSA test.
Out of 1,334 men, 1,067 (80%) respondents were interviewed with a mean age of 58.6 years (sd 11.9). Most had secondary or university studies (787, 73.8%) and 61 (5.7%) self-reported their health status as bad or very bad. Most of the respondents (1,018, 95.4%) had knowledge regarding PCa with nearly 70% expressed significant concern about its potential development (720, 70.8%), particularly among those under 64 years (p = 0.001). Out of 847 respondents, 573 (67.7%) reported that they have knowledge regarding the PSA test: 374 (65.4%) reported receiving information from a clinicians, 324 (86.6%) information about the benefits of the test and 189 (49,5%) about its risks, with differences based on educational background. In a multivariable analysis (adjusted for age, educational level and previous prostate problems), respondents with higher levels of education were more likely to have higher knowledge regarding the PSA test (OR 1.75, 95%CI 1.24-2.50, p<0.001).
Although most of the patients reported to have knowledge regarding PCa, half of the interviewed men reported knowledge about PSA test. Differences in knowledge prostate cancer screening and undesirable consequences highlight the need to develop and provide tailored information for patients.
患者对前列腺癌（PCa）机会性筛查的决策可能存在差异。本研究旨在评估人口统计学和健康相关特征如何影响对 PCa 筛查的认知和决策。
2022 年，对西班牙随机抽取的 40 岁以上男性进行了一项横断面调查。该调查采用改良 Delphi 法进行了开发和内容验证，并通过电话进行了管理。使用二项逻辑回归来探讨受访者特征与参与者对 PCa 和 PSA 检测的知识和实践之间的关系。
在 1334 名男性中，有 1067 名（80%）受访者接受了采访，平均年龄为 58.6 岁（标准差 11.9）。大多数人具有中学或大学学历（787 人，73.8%），61 人（5.7%）自报健康状况不佳或非常差。大多数受访者（1018 人，95.4%）对 PCa 有一定的了解，近 70%的人对其潜在发展表示严重关注（720 人，70.8%），尤其是年龄在 64 岁以下的人（p=0.001）。在 847 名受访者中，有 573 名（67.7%）报告称对 PSA 检测有所了解：374 名（65.4%）从医生那里获得了信息，324 名（86.6%）获得了检测益处的信息，189 名（49.5%）获得了检测风险的信息，这些信息存在差异，与教育背景有关。在多变量分析（调整年龄、教育水平和以前的前列腺问题）中，教育程度较高的受访者更有可能对 PSA 检测有更高的了解（OR 1.75，95%CI 1.24-2.50，p<0.001）。
尽管大多数患者报告对 PCa 有一定的了解，但一半的接受采访的男性报告对 PSA 检测有一定的了解。对前列腺癌筛查和不良后果的认知差异突出表明，需要为患者制定和提供有针对性的信息。
