Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi, Japan.
J Vis. 2024 May 1;24(5):14. doi: 10.1167/jov.24.5.14.
Facial color influences the perception of facial expressions, and emotional expressions bias how facial color is remembered. However, it remains unclear whether facial expressions affect daily facial color memory. The memory color effect demonstrates that knowledge about typical colors affects the perception of the actual color of given objects. To investigate the effect of facial color memory, we examined whether the memory color effect for faces varies depending on facial expression. We calculated the subjective achromatic point of the facial expression image stimulus and compared the degree to which it was shifted from the actual achromatic point between facial expression conditions. We hypothesized that if the memory of facial color is influenced by the facial expression color (e.g., anger is a warm color, fear is a cold color), then the subjective achromatic point would vary with facial expression. In Experiment 1, we recruited 13 participants who adjusted the color of facial expression stimuli (anger, neutral, and fear) and a banana stimulus to be achromatic. No significant differences in the subjective achromatic point between facial expressions were observed. Subsequently, we conducted Experiment 2 with 23 participants because Experiment 1 did not account for the sensitivity to color changes on the face; humans perceive greater color differences in faces than in non-faces. Participants selected which facial color they believed the expression stimulus appeared to be, choosing one of two options provided to them. The results indicated that the subjective achromatic points of anger and fear faces significantly shifted toward the opposite color direction compared with neutral faces in the brief presentation condition. This research suggests that the memory color of faces differs depending on facial expressions and supports the idea that the perception of emotional expressions can bias facial color memory.
面部颜色会影响对面部表情的感知，而情绪表达则会影响对面部颜色的记忆。然而，目前尚不清楚面部表情是否会影响日常的面部颜色记忆。记忆颜色效应表明，关于典型颜色的知识会影响对给定物体实际颜色的感知。为了研究面部颜色记忆的影响，我们考察了面部表情是否会对面部颜色记忆产生影响。我们计算了面部表情图像刺激的主观非彩色点，并比较了它与实际非彩色点之间的差异。我们假设，如果面部颜色的记忆受到面部表情颜色的影响（例如，愤怒是暖色，恐惧是冷色），那么主观非彩色点会随着面部表情的变化而变化。在实验 1 中，我们招募了 13 名参与者，让他们调整面部表情（愤怒、中性和恐惧）和香蕉刺激的颜色，使其变为非彩色。结果发现，面部表情之间的主观非彩色点没有显著差异。随后，我们进行了实验 2，参与者为 23 名，因为实验 1 没有考虑到对面部颜色变化的敏感性；人类对面部颜色的感知差异大于非面部颜色。参与者选择他们认为表情刺激呈现的面部颜色，从他们提供的两个选项中选择一个。结果表明，在短暂呈现条件下，愤怒和恐惧面部的主观非彩色点明显向相反的颜色方向偏移，而中性面部的非彩色点则没有明显偏移。这项研究表明，面部颜色的记忆取决于面部表情，并且支持了情绪表达的感知会影响面部颜色记忆的观点。
