School of Social Work, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States.
Department of Community Health & Health Behavior, School of Public Health & Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2024 Jul 1;260:111343. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111343. Epub 2024 May 25.
Recovery capital (RC) refers to the resources individuals use to support substance use disorder (SUD) recovery. Individuals with SUD who are involved with the criminal justice system often have limited RC. Drug treatment courts (DTCs), including traditional drug treatment courts (tDTCs) and opioid intervention courts (OICs), can link clients to important sources of RC in the short-term, but few studies have assessed RC longitudinally.
The current study analyzed five waves of data from a one-year longitudinal study on substance use and RC collected from clients of tDTCs and OICs (n=165, 52% male, 75% non-Hispanic White, Age=21-67 years). Mixed-effects models examined (1) within-person trends over time in RC, (2) individual characteristics associated with differences and changes in RC, and (3) patterns of relationships between RC and substance use over time. We also tested differences by court type.
First, OIC participants had lower RC at baseline relative to tDTC participants, and there was considerable within-person variability in RC over time. Second, the effect of a high school diploma/GED at baseline on RC change over time was greater for OIC relative to tDTC participants. Third, there was a negative concurrent within-person association between drug use and RC that became stronger over time for OIC relative to tDTC participants.
This study is among the first to examine longitudinal, within-person trajectories in RC. Results revealed important within-person variability over time in RC that was linked to education and drug use, particularly among OIC clients. Findings could help inform DTC treatment approaches.
恢复资本（RC）是指个人用于支持物质使用障碍（SUD）康复的资源。与刑事司法系统有关联的 SUD 个体通常拥有有限的 RC。药物治疗法庭（DTC），包括传统药物治疗法庭（tDTC）和阿片类药物干预法庭（OIC），可以在短期内将客户与重要的 RC 来源联系起来，但很少有研究从纵向评估 RC。
本研究分析了一项为期一年的物质使用和 RC 纵向研究中从 tDTC 和 OIC 客户（n=165，52%为男性，75%为非西班牙裔白人，年龄为 21-67 岁）收集的五波数据。混合效应模型考察了（1）RC 随时间的个体内趋势，（2）与 RC 差异和变化相关的个体特征，以及（3）RC 与物质使用随时间的关系模式。我们还按法庭类型测试了差异。
首先，OIC 参与者的基线 RC 相对低于 tDTC 参与者，RC 随时间的个体内变异性很大。其次，基线高中学历/GED 对 OIC 参与者相对于 tDTC 参与者的 RC 随时间变化的影响更大。第三，在 OIC 参与者中，药物使用和 RC 之间存在负向的个体内同期关联，随着时间的推移这种关联变得更强。
本研究是首批检查 RC 纵向、个体内轨迹的研究之一。结果显示，RC 随时间的个体内变异性很大，与教育和药物使用有关，特别是在 OIC 参与者中。研究结果可以帮助为 DTC 治疗方法提供信息。
