Department of Philosophy, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
Rotman Institute of Philosophy, Western University, London, Canada.
Eur J Neurosci. 2024 Sep;60(5):4738-4755. doi: 10.1111/ejn.16434. Epub 2024 May 30.
In this paper, I analyse how the emerging scientific framework of radical embodied neuroscience is different from contemporary mainstream cognitive neuroscience. To do so, I propose the notion of motif to enrich the philosophical toolkit of cognitive neuroscience. This notion can be used to characterize the guiding ideas of any given scientific framework in psychology and neuroscience. Motifs are highly unconstrained, open-ended concepts that support equally open-ended families of explanations. Different scientific frameworks-e.g., psychophysics or cognitive neuroscience-provide these motifs to answer the overarching themes of these disciplines, such as the relationship between stimuli and sensations or the proper methods of the sciences of the mind. Some motifs of mainstream cognitive neuroscience are the motif of encoding, the motif of input-output systems, and the motif of algorithms. The two first ones answer the question about the relationship between stimuli, sensations and experience (e.g., stimuli are input and are encoded by brain structures). The latter one answers the question regarding the mechanism of cognition and experience. The three of them are equally unconstrained and open-ended, and they serve as an umbrella for different kinds of explanation-i.e., different positions regarding what counts as a code or as an input. Along with the articulation of the notion of motif, the main aim of this article is to present three motifs for radical embodied neuroscience: the motif of complex stimulation, the motif of organic behaviour and the motif of resonance.
在本文中，我分析了新兴的激进具身神经科学科学框架与当代主流认知神经科学有何不同。为此，我提出了动机的概念，以丰富认知神经科学的哲学工具包。这个概念可以用来描述心理学和神经科学中任何给定科学框架的指导思想。动机是高度无约束的、开放式的概念，支持同样开放式的解释家族。不同的科学框架，如心理物理学或认知神经科学，提供了这些动机来回答这些学科的总体主题，例如刺激与感觉之间的关系或心理科学的适当方法。主流认知神经科学的一些动机是编码动机、输入-输出系统动机和算法动机。前两个动机回答了关于刺激、感觉和经验之间关系的问题（例如，刺激是输入，由大脑结构编码）。后者回答了关于认知和经验机制的问题。它们三者都是同样无约束和开放式的，并且它们作为一个伞形概念，为不同种类的解释提供了基础，即不同的立场，涉及到什么算作编码或输入。本文的主要目的是与动机概念的阐述一起，提出激进具身神经科学的三个动机：复杂刺激动机、有机行为动机和共振动机。
