Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged Semmelweis str. 6/b., Hungary.
Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged Semmelweis str. 6/b., Hungary.
J Infect Public Health. 2024 Jul;17(7):102453. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.05.041. Epub 2024 May 17.
The presence of bacterial and fungal coinfections plays an important role in the mortality of patients with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). We compared data from the 3 years before and 3 years after the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak to evaluate its effect on the traits of bacterial and fungal diseases.
We retrospectively collected and analyzed data on positive respiratory tract samples (n = 13,133 samples from 7717 patients) and blood cultures (n = 23,652 from 9653 patients) between 2017 and 2022 from the Clinical Center of the University of Szeged, Hungary. We also evaluated antimicrobial susceptibility test results derived from 169,020 respiratory samples and 549,729 blood cultures to gain insight into changes in antimicrobial resistance.
The most common respiratory pathogen in the pre-COVID era was Pseudomonas aeruginosa, whereas Candida albicans was the most frequent during the pandemic. The number of respiratory isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii was also markedly increased. In blood cultures, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, and S. aureus were dominant during the study period, and A. baumannii was widespread in blood cultures during the pandemic years. Resistance to ofloxacin, penicillin, piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, cefepime, imipenem, ceftolozane-tazobactam, and itraconazole increased significantly in the COVID era.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, there were changes in the prevalence of respiratory and blood culture pathogens at the Clinical Center of the University of Szeged. C. albicans became the predominant respiratory pathogen, and the number of A. baumannii isolates increased dramatically. Additionally, antimicrobial resistance notably increased during this period.
细菌和真菌合并感染的存在对 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）患者的死亡率起着重要作用。我们比较了 COVID-19 大流行爆发前后 3 年的数据，以评估其对细菌和真菌感染特征的影响。
我们回顾性地收集和分析了 2017 年至 2022 年期间匈牙利塞格德大学临床中心的阳性呼吸道样本（n=13133 例，来自 7717 例患者）和血培养样本（n=23652 例，来自 9653 例患者）的数据。我们还评估了从 169020 例呼吸道样本和 549729 例血培养中获得的抗菌药物敏感性测试结果，以了解抗菌药物耐药性的变化。
在 COVID 前时代，最常见的呼吸道病原体是铜绿假单胞菌，而在大流行期间，白色念珠菌是最常见的病原体。鲍曼不动杆菌的呼吸道分离株数量也明显增加。在血培养中，表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌在研究期间占主导地位，而鲍曼不动杆菌在大流行期间广泛存在于血培养中。在 COVID 时代，对氧氟沙星、青霉素、哌拉西林-他唑巴坦、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、亚胺培南、头孢他啶-他唑巴坦和伊曲康唑的耐药性显著增加。
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，塞格德大学临床中心的呼吸道和血培养病原体的流行情况发生了变化。白色念珠菌成为主要的呼吸道病原体，鲍曼不动杆菌的分离株数量急剧增加。此外，在此期间，抗菌药物耐药性显著增加。
