Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea.
Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.
J Transl Med. 2024 May 31;22(1):522. doi: 10.1186/s12967-024-05295-4.
Dizziness and vertigo rank among the top 10 reasons for emergency and clinical referrals to neurologists. Chronic dizziness and imbalance not only reduce quality of life, but also increase mortality. While the Mediterranean diet has long been considered beneficial for human and planetary health, its effects on chronic dizziness or imbalance are understudied. We investigated the associations of adherence to the Mediterranean diet with chronic dizziness and imbalance.
This study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019-2021 and included 4,183 adults aged 40 years and older with complete information from diet, dizziness, and neurotology questionnaires. The alternate Mediterranean diet score (aMed) for nine food groups was calculated from 24-hour dietary recall data. Based on questionnaire responses, chronic dizziness was categorized as either isolated or chronic dizziness with imbalance, characterized by a cluster of difficulties maintaining a standing position, walking, or falling.
In a multivariable-adjusted model, the prevalence of chronic imbalance was lower in the top aMed tertile than in the bottom tertile (OR 0.37; 95% CI, 0.18-0.74; p-trend = 0.01). Among the individual aMed components, the intake of whole grains and nuts exhibited an inverse relationship with chronic imbalance (OR 0.50; 95% CI, 0.27-0.93 for whole grains; OR 0.55; 95% CI, 0.31-1.01 for nuts). The aMed score was not associated with isolated chronic dizziness.
Greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet may reduce chronic imbalance, particularly with an adequate intake of whole grains and nuts.
头晕和眩晕是导致神经科急诊和临床转诊的前 10 大原因之一。慢性头晕和平衡障碍不仅降低生活质量，而且增加死亡率。尽管地中海饮食长期以来被认为对人类和地球健康有益，但它对慢性头晕或平衡障碍的影响仍研究不足。我们研究了地中海饮食的依从性与慢性头晕和平衡障碍的关系。
本研究使用了 2019-2021 年韩国国家健康和营养调查的数据，纳入了 4183 名年龄在 40 岁及以上、饮食、头晕和神经耳科学问卷信息完整的成年人。从 24 小时膳食回顾数据中计算了九个食物组的替代地中海饮食评分（aMed）。根据问卷回答，将慢性头晕分为孤立性或伴有平衡障碍的慢性头晕，其特征是难以维持站立、行走或跌倒。
在多变量调整模型中，aMed 评分最高三分位组的慢性平衡障碍患病率低于最低三分位组（OR 0.37；95%CI，0.18-0.74；p 趋势=0.01）。在单个 aMed 成分中，全谷物和坚果的摄入量与慢性平衡障碍呈负相关（全谷物 OR 0.50；95%CI，0.27-0.93；坚果 OR 0.55；95%CI，0.31-1.01）。aMed 评分与孤立性慢性头晕无关。
地中海饮食的依从性越高，可能会降低慢性平衡障碍的风险，特别是全谷物和坚果的摄入量充足时。
