Metabolic Intelligence Lab, Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Nutrition. 2024 Sep;125:112481. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112481. Epub 2024 May 3.
Maintaining plasma glucose homeostasis is vital for mammalian survival, but the masticatory function, which influences glucose regulation, has, to our knowledge, been overlooked.
In this study, we investigated the relationship between the glycemic response curve and chewing performance in a group of 8 individuals who consumed 80 g of apple. A device called "Chewing" utilizing electromyographic (EMG) technology quantitatively assesses chewing pattern, while glycemic response is analyzed using continuous glucose monitoring. We assessed chewing pattern characterizing chewing time (t), number of bites (n), work (w), power (wr), and chewing cycles (t). Moreover, we measured the principal features of the glycemic response curve, including the area under the curve (α) and the mean time to reach the glycemic peak (t). We used linear regression models to examine the correlations between these variables.
t, n, and wr were correlated with α (R = 0.44, P < 0.05 for t and n, P < 0.001 for wr), and t was correlated with t (R = 0.25, P < 0.05). These findings suggest that increasing chewing time and power, while reducing the number of chews, resulted in a wider glycemic curve and an earlier attainment of the glycemic peak.
These results emphasize the influence of proper chewing techniques on blood sugar levels. Implementing correct chewing habits could serve as an additional approach to managing the glycemic curve, particularly for individuals with diabetes.
维持血糖稳态对哺乳动物的生存至关重要，但咀嚼功能（影响葡萄糖调节）一直被忽视。
本研究调查了 8 名个体在摄入 80g 苹果后血糖反应曲线与咀嚼性能之间的关系。一种名为“咀嚼”的设备利用肌电图（EMG）技术定量评估咀嚼模式，而血糖反应则通过连续血糖监测进行分析。我们评估了咀嚼模式，其特征包括咀嚼时间（t）、咀嚼次数（n）、咀嚼功（w）、咀嚼功率（wr）和咀嚼周期（t）。此外，我们还测量了血糖反应曲线的主要特征，包括曲线下面积（α）和达到血糖峰值的平均时间（t）。我们使用线性回归模型来检验这些变量之间的相关性。
t、n 和 wr 与α呈正相关（t 和 n 的 R=0.44，P<0.05，wr 的 P<0.001），t 与 t 呈正相关（R=0.25，P<0.05）。这些发现表明，增加咀嚼时间和功率，同时减少咀嚼次数，会导致血糖曲线变宽，血糖峰值提前达到。
这些结果强调了正确咀嚼技术对血糖水平的影响。采用正确的咀嚼习惯可能是控制血糖曲线的一种额外方法，尤其适用于糖尿病患者。
