Liu Li-Juan, Zhang Mao-Mao, Deng Ziqi, Yan Liang-Liang, Lin Yang, Phillips David Lee, Yam Vivian Wing-Wah, He Jian
Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou, China.
Nat Commun. 2024 Jun 1;15(1):4688. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-49081-8.
Ultrasmall copper nanoclusters have recently emerged as promising photocatalysts for organic synthesis, owing to their exceptional light absorption ability and large surface areas for efficient interactions with substrates. Despite significant advances in cluster-based visible-light photocatalysis, the types of organic transformations that copper nanoclusters can catalyze remain limited to date. Herein, we report a structurally well-defined anionic Cu nanocluster that emits in the second near-infrared region (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) after photoexcitation and can conduct single-electron transfer with fluoroalkyl iodides without the need for external ligand activation. This photoredox-active copper nanocluster efficiently catalyzes the three-component radical couplings of alkenes, fluoroalkyl iodides, and trimethylsilyl cyanide under blue-LED irradiation at room temperature. A variety of fluorine-containing electrophiles and a cyanide nucleophile can be added onto an array of alkenes, including styrenes and aliphatic olefins. Our current work demonstrates the viability of using readily accessible metal nanoclusters to establish photocatalytic systems with a high degree of practicality and reaction complexity.
超小铜纳米团簇最近已成为有机合成中很有前景的光催化剂,这归因于它们出色的光吸收能力和大表面积,以便与底物进行高效相互作用。尽管基于团簇的可见光光催化取得了重大进展,但迄今为止,铜纳米团簇能够催化的有机转化类型仍然有限。在此,我们报道了一种结构明确的阴离子铜纳米团簇,它在光激发后在第二近红外区域(NIR-II,1000 - 1700 nm)发射,并且能够与氟代烷基碘进行单电子转移,而无需外部配体活化。这种光氧化还原活性铜纳米团簇在室温下的蓝色发光二极管照射下,能有效催化烯烃、氟代烷基碘和三甲基硅基氰化物的三组分自由基偶联反应。多种含氟亲电试剂和氰化物亲核试剂可以添加到一系列烯烃上,包括苯乙烯和脂肪族烯烃。我们目前的工作证明了使用易于获得的金属纳米团簇来建立具有高度实用性和反应复杂性的光催化体系的可行性。
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