Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, BRFAA, Athens, Greece.
Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, BRFAA, Athens, Greece.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2024 Apr;87:102430. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2024.102430. Epub 2024 Jun 1.
Lambda interferons (IFNλs), also termed type III interferons (IFNs) or interleukins-28/29, have been in the shadow of type I IFNs for a long time. Their common induction mechanisms and signalling cascades with type I IFNs have made difficult the unwinding of their unique nonredundant functions. However, this is now changing with mounting evidence supporting a major role of IFNλs as a specialized antiviral defense system in the body, mediating protection at mucosal barrier surfaces while limiting immunopathology. Here, we review the latest progress on the complex activities of IFNλs in the respiratory tract, focusing on their multiple effects in IFNλ receptor-expressing cells, the modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses in the context of infections and respiratory diseases, and their similarities and differences with type I IFNs. We also discuss their potential in therapeutic applications and the most recent developments in that direction.
Lambda 干扰素（IFNλs），也称为 III 型干扰素（IFNs）或白细胞介素-28/29，长期以来一直处于 I 型 IFNs 的阴影之下。它们与 I 型 IFNs 具有共同的诱导机制和信号级联，这使得它们独特的非冗余功能难以被揭示。然而，随着越来越多的证据支持 IFNλs 作为身体内一种专门的抗病毒防御系统的主要作用，介导在黏膜屏障表面的保护作用，同时限制免疫病理学，这种情况正在发生改变。在这里，我们综述了 IFNλs 在呼吸道中的复杂作用的最新进展，重点讨论了它们在 IFNλ 受体表达细胞中的多种效应，以及它们在感染和呼吸道疾病背景下对先天和适应性免疫反应的调节，以及它们与 I 型 IFNs 的相似性和差异性。我们还讨论了它们在治疗应用中的潜力以及这方面的最新进展。
