Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Preventive Medicine and Public Health at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Programa de TTM y Dolor Orofacial, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2024 Dec;52(6):775-785. doi: 10.1111/cdoe.12984. Epub 2024 Jun 3.
To advance oral health policies (OHPs) in the World Health Organization (WHO) African region, barriers to and facilitators for creating, disseminating, implementing, monitoring and evaluating OHPs in the region were examined.
Global Health, Embase, PubMed, Public Affairs Information Service Index, ABI/Inform, Web of Science, Academic Search Complete, Scopus, Dissertations Global, Google Scholar, WHO's Institutional Repository for Information Sharing (IRIS), the WHO Noncommunicable Diseases Document Repository and the Regional African Index Medicus and African Journals Online were searched. Technical officers at the WHO Regional Office for Africa were contacted. Research studies and policy documents reporting barriers to and facilitators for OHP in the 47 Member States in the WHO African region published between January 2002 and March 2024 in English, French or Portuguese were included. Frequencies were used to summarize quantitative data, and descriptive content analysis was used to code and classify barrier and facilitator statements.
Eighty-eight reports, including 55 research articles and 33 policy documents, were included. The vast majority of the research articles and policy documents were country-specific, but they were lacking for most countries. Frequently mentioned barriers across policy at all stages included financial constraints, a limited and poorly organized workforce, deprioritization of oral health, the absence of health information systems, inadequate integration of oral health services within the overarching health system and limited oral health literacy. Facilitators included a renewed commitment to establishing national OHPs, recognition of a need to diversify the oral health workforce, and an increased understanding of the influence of social determinants of health among oral health care providers.
Most countries lack a country-specific body of evidence to assist policymakers in anticipating barriers to and facilitators for OHPs. The barriers and facilitators relevant to disparate subnational, national, and regional conditions and circumstances must be considered to advance the creation, dissemination, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of OHPs in the WHO African region.
为推动世界卫生组织（世卫组织）非洲区域的口腔健康政策（OHP），审查了在该区域制定、传播、实施、监测和评价 OHP 过程中存在的障碍和促进因素。
检索了全球卫生、Embase、PubMed、公共事务信息服务索引、ABI/Inform、Web of Science、学术搜索综合版、Scopus、全球论文、谷歌学术、世卫组织信息共享机构知识库（IRIS）、世卫组织非传染性疾病文件库以及非洲区域医学索引和非洲期刊在线。与世卫组织非洲区域办事处的技术官员取得了联系。纳入了 2002 年 1 月至 2024 年 3 月期间以英文、法文或葡萄牙文发表的报告世卫组织非洲区域 47 个成员国 OHP 障碍和促进因素的研究报告和政策文件。使用频率总结定量数据，并使用描述性内容分析对障碍和促进因素陈述进行编码和分类。
纳入了 88 份报告，包括 55 篇研究文章和 33 份政策文件。绝大多数研究文章和政策文件都是针对具体国家的，但大多数国家都缺乏这方面的报告。在各个政策阶段，经常提到的障碍包括财政限制、劳动力有限且组织不善、优先次序较低、缺乏卫生信息系统、口腔卫生服务在整个卫生系统内整合不足以及口腔卫生知识有限。促进因素包括重新致力于制定国家 OHP、认识到需要使口腔卫生劳动力多样化以及口腔卫生保健提供者越来越了解健康决定因素对口腔健康的影响。
大多数国家缺乏具体国情的证据，无法为政策制定者提供预测 OHP 障碍和促进因素的帮助。必须考虑与不同的国家、地区和区域情况相关的障碍和促进因素，以推动世卫组织非洲区域 OHP 的制定、传播、实施、监测和评价。
