可穿戴技术对 1 型糖尿病儿童和青少年代谢控制及生活质量的影响：系统评价和荟萃分析。

Effect of Wearable Technology on Metabolic Control and the Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

机构信息

Marmara University Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye

Department of Pediatric Nursing, Marmara University Faculty of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye

出版信息

Balkan Med J. 2024 Jul 5;41(4):261-271. doi: 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-2-115. Epub 2024 Jun 3.

DOI:10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-2-115

PMID:38829237

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11588899/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in children. Wearable technology (insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitoring devices) that makes diabetes management relatively simple, in addition to education and follow-ups, enhances the quality of life and health of individuals with diabetes.

AIMS

To evaluate the impact of wearable technology on metabolic management and the quality of life in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

STUDY DESIGN

Systematic review and meta-analysis.

METHODS

The Preferred Reporting System for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses was used to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis. PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, Ulakbim and Google Scholar were searched in July 2022 and July 2023 using predetermined keywords. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute’s Critical Appraisal Checklists for randomized controlled experimental and cross-sectional studies. The meta-analysis method was used to pool the data.

RESULTS

Eleven studies published between 2011 and 2022 were included. The total sample size of the included studies was 1,853. The meta-analysis revealed that the decrease in hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) level in those using wearable technology was statistically significant [mean difference (MD): -0.33, Z = 2.54, = 0.01]. However, the technology had no effect on the quality of life [standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.44, Z = 1.72, = 0.09]. The subgroup analyses revealed that the decrease in the HbA1c level occurred in the cross-sectional studies (MD: -0.49, Z = 2.54, = 0.01) and the 12-19 (MD = 0.59, Z = 4.40, < 0.001) and 4-18 age groups (MD: -0.31, Z = 2.56, = 0.01). The subgroup analyses regarding the quality of life revealed that there was no difference according to the research design. However, the quality of life was higher in the wearable technology group than in the control group in the 8-12 and 4-18 age groups (SMD: 1.32, Z = 2.31, = 0.02 and SMD: 1.00, Z = 5.76, < 0.001, respectively).

CONCLUSION

Wearable technology effectively reduces the HbA1c levels in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in some age groups. However, it does not affect the quality of life.

摘要

背景

1 型糖尿病是儿童最常见的慢性疾病之一。可穿戴技术（胰岛素泵和连续血糖监测设备）使糖尿病管理变得相对简单，除此之外，教育和随访也提高了糖尿病患者的生活质量和健康水平。

目的

评估可穿戴技术对 1 型糖尿病儿童和青少年代谢管理和生活质量的影响。

研究设计

系统评价和荟萃分析。

方法

使用首选报告系统对系统评价和荟萃分析进行了研究。于 2022 年 7 月和 2023 年 7 月，使用预定的关键词在 PubMed、Web of Science、MEDLINE、Cochrane 图书馆、EBSCO、Ulakbim 和 Google Scholar 中进行了搜索。使用 Joanna Briggs 研究所的随机对照实验和横断面研究的批判性评估清单评估研究的方法学质量。使用荟萃分析方法对数据进行合并。

结果

共纳入 2011 年至 2022 年发表的 11 项研究。纳入研究的总样本量为 1853 人。荟萃分析显示，使用可穿戴技术的患者的血红蛋白 A1C（HbA1c）水平降低具有统计学意义[平均差值（MD）：-0.33，Z = 2.54， = 0.01]。然而，该技术对生活质量没有影响[标准化均数差（SMD）：0.44，Z = 1.72， = 0.09]。亚组分析显示，HbA1c 水平的降低发生在横断面研究中（MD：-0.49，Z = 2.54， = 0.01）和 12-19 岁（MD = 0.59，Z = 4.40， < 0.001）和 4-18 岁年龄组（MD：-0.31，Z = 2.56， = 0.01）。关于生活质量的亚组分析显示，研究设计无差异。然而，在 8-12 岁和 4-18 岁年龄组中，可穿戴技术组的生活质量高于对照组（SMD：1.32，Z = 2.31， = 0.02 和 SMD：1.00，Z = 5.76， < 0.001）。