Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, FRCB-IDIBAPS, CIBERES, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Department of Allergology, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Community of Madrid, Spain.
Rhinology. 2024 Aug 1;62(4):421-431. doi: 10.4193/Rhin23.341.
The worldwide prevalence range of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is 5-12%; from this, 20 % have nasal polyps. Due to the little epidemiological data about CRS in the Spanish population, this study analyses the prevalence and severity of CRS with (CRSwNP) or without (CRSsNP) nasal polyps, and their connection with other coexisting type 2 inflammatory diseases in Spain.
This is a retrospective, large-scale, nationwide, epidemiological study based on the electronic medical records from the BIG-PAC® database. Patients diagnosed of CRSsNP and CRSwNP were identified using specific disease codes. The severe form of the disease was defined as patients who received at least a long course of antibiotics in CRSsNP or ≥2 short courses of systemic corticosteroids in CRSwNP in ≤12 months during the last 2 years, and/or had previous sinus surgery. Physician diagnosed prevalence, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and disease severity were assessed.
Out of a cohort of 1,012,257 patients (≤18 years old), 42,863 and 7,550 patients with diagnosed CRSsNP and CRSwNP, respectively, were analysed. The overall prevalence of diagnosed CRS was 5.1%, being 4.3% and 0.8% for CRSsNP and CRSwNP, respectively. Patients with CRSwNP and severe forms of the disease were older and had higher levels of type 2 inflammatory biomarkers than CRSsNP patients and non-severe disease.
Although CRSsNP was more prevalent than CRSwNP, the severe forms of CRS were more frequent in patients with CRSwNP. In addition, CRSwNP patients had a higher incidence of coexisting type 2 inflammatory diseases.
全球慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（CRS）的患病率范围为 5-12%；其中，20%患有鼻息肉。由于西班牙人群中关于 CRS 的流行病学数据较少，因此本研究分析了西班牙人群中伴有（CRSwNP）或不伴有（CRSsNP）鼻息肉的 CRS 的患病率和严重程度，以及它们与其他共存的 2 型炎症性疾病的关系。
这是一项基于 BIG-PAC®数据库的电子病历的回顾性、大规模、全国性、流行病学研究。使用特定疾病代码确定 CRSsNP 和 CRSwNP 患者。疾病严重程度定义为在过去 2 年内的 12 个月内，至少接受过 CRSsNP 长疗程抗生素治疗或 CRSwNP 中≥2 个短期全身皮质类固醇治疗，和/或之前有过鼻窦手术的患者。评估了患者的医生诊断患病率、社会人口学和临床特征以及疾病严重程度。
在 1012257 名（≤18 岁）患者中，分析了 42863 名和 7550 名分别诊断为 CRSsNP 和 CRSwNP 的患者。诊断为 CRS 的总患病率为 5.1%，CRSsNP 和 CRSwNP 分别为 4.3%和 0.8%。CRSwNP 患者和严重疾病患者年龄较大，2 型炎症标志物水平较高，而 CRSsNP 患者和非严重疾病患者则较低。
虽然 CRSsNP 比 CRSwNP 更为普遍，但 CRSwNP 患者的严重疾病更为常见。此外，CRSwNP 患者更常伴有其他 2 型炎症性疾病。
