Nielsen Kári Rubek, Lophaven Søren Nymand, Midjord Jóngerð, Langholz Ebbe, Burisch Johan, Hammer Turid
Medical Centre, National Hospital of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands.
Genetic Biobank, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands.
Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2025 Apr 10;31(4):952-962. doi: 10.1093/ibd/izae120.
Increased mortality rates have been found in patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The Faroe Islands have the highest occurrence of IBD, mainly ulcerative colitis (UC). This study investigated mortality of patients with IBD compared with the general Faroese population.
All patients diagnosed with IBD from 1966-2020 were included, as well as population mortality data. All-cause and cause-specific mortality in the IBD cohort was compared with the population by standardized incidence ratios (SIRs). Risk factors for death within the cohort were assessed by hazard ratios (HRs) using Cox regression.
Overall mortality was not increased in patients with Crohn's disease (CD; SIR 0.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56-1.35) or UC (SIR 1.0; 95% CI, 0.83-1.25). However, patients with UC had an elevated risk of dying from digestive diseases (SIR 4.3; 95% CI, 2.16-7.74). Patients with IBD had lower risk of death of cardiovascular diseases compared with the background population (SIR 0.7; 95% CI, 0.50-0.93). Risk factors for mortality included male gender, age at diagnosis, and use of steroids. Protective factors were use of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), thiopurines, and biological treatment.
No increased risk of all-cause mortality in patients with CD or UC was found in this nationwide study compared with the entire Faroese population over more than 5 decades. The risk of death due to digestive diseases was, however, increased in patients with UC, while mortality risk of cardiovascular diseases was lower in patients with IBD.
炎症性肠病（IBD）患者的死亡率有所上升。法罗群岛的IBD发病率最高，主要是溃疡性结肠炎（UC）。本研究调查了IBD患者与法罗群岛普通人群相比的死亡率。
纳入了1966年至2020年期间所有诊断为IBD的患者以及人群死亡率数据。通过标准化发病率比（SIR）将IBD队列中的全因死亡率和特定病因死亡率与人群进行比较。使用Cox回归通过风险比（HR）评估队列中的死亡风险因素。
克罗恩病（CD）患者（SIR 0.9；95%置信区间[CI]，0.56 - 1.35）或UC患者（SIR 1.0；95% CI，0.83 - 1.25）的总体死亡率并未升高。然而，UC患者死于消化系统疾病的风险升高（SIR 4.3；95% CI，2.16 - 7.74）。与背景人群相比，IBD患者死于心血管疾病的风险较低（SIR 0.7；95% CI，0.50 - 0.93）。死亡风险因素包括男性、诊断时的年龄以及使用类固醇。保护因素为使用5 - 氨基水杨酸（5 - ASA）、硫嘌呤和生物治疗。
在这项超过50年的全国性研究中，与整个法罗群岛人群相比，未发现CD或UC患者的全因死亡风险增加。然而，UC患者因消化系统疾病导致的死亡风险增加，而IBD患者的心血管疾病死亡风险较低。
