School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
Department of Perinatology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
J Clin Ultrasound. 2024 Oct;52(8):1010-1018. doi: 10.1002/jcu.23737. Epub 2024 Jun 3.
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a common pregnancy complication that can be associated with several adverse perinatal outcomes. One of these negative outcomes is ductus arteriosus, especially in preterm babies. In this study, intrauterine heart function and ductus diameter were evaluated in babies with FGR.
Thirty-seven fetuses with FGR were compared with 37 normal-weight fetuses at the same gestational week. In our study, ventricular diameters, aorta, pulmonary artery, ductus arteriosus (DA), aortic arch diameter, and flow traces were examined. In addition, the aorta and aortic isthmus diameters were proportioned to the ductus diameter, and the left ventricular myocardial performance index (MPI) [(ICT + IRT)/ET] was evaluated.
There was no difference in DA diameters between the patient and control groups. The intragroup comparison of the cases with early- and late-onset FGR revealed no statistically significant difference between DA diameters. However, the ratios of the aortic annulus diameter/ductus diameter (AOD/DAD) and aortic isthmus diameter/ductus diameter (AID/DAD) were significantly lower in early-onset FGR because the diameter of the DA was greater. In addition, the mod-MPI values were higher in the patient group.
In our study, although the ductal diameters did not change significantly in the patient group, the ductal diameter was greater in the early-onset intrauterine growth restriction (FGR) group compared with other cardiac measurements. The mod-MPI value, a cardiac function indicator, was higher in fetuses with FGR. These findings may be useful for evaluating postnatal cardiac functions in FGR.
胎儿生长受限（FGR）是一种常见的妊娠并发症，可与多种围产儿不良结局相关。其中一个不良后果是动脉导管未闭（PDA），尤其是在早产儿中。在这项研究中，我们评估了 FGR 婴儿的宫内心脏功能和动脉导管直径。
将 37 例 FGR 胎儿与同孕龄的 37 例正常体重胎儿进行比较。在我们的研究中，检查了心室直径、主动脉、肺动脉、动脉导管（DA）、主动脉弓直径和血流轨迹。此外，还将主动脉和主动脉峡部直径与动脉导管直径进行了比例，并评估了左心室心肌性能指数（MPI）[ICT+IRT/ET]。
患者组和对照组的动脉导管直径无差异。对早发型和晚发型 FGR 病例进行组内比较，发现动脉导管直径无统计学差异。然而，由于动脉导管直径较大，早发型 FGR 的主动脉环直径/动脉导管直径（AOD/DAD）和主动脉峡部直径/动脉导管直径（AID/DAD）比值显著降低。此外，患者组的 mod-MPI 值较高。
在我们的研究中，尽管患者组的动脉导管直径没有明显变化，但与其他心脏测量值相比，早发型宫内生长受限（FGR）组的动脉导管直径更大。FGR 胎儿的心功能指标 mod-MPI 值较高。这些发现可能有助于评估 FGR 新生儿的心脏功能。
