Environmental Health Division and Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health Research, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa.
Syst Rev. 2024 Jun 3;13(1):148. doi: 10.1186/s13643-024-02524-1.
Due to their adverse environmental and health impacts, brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are listed in Annex A of the Stockholm Convention for global elimination of production and use. Their health impacts include endocrine disruption, cancer, reproductive effects, and neurobehavioral and developmental disorders in children. Emerging literature suggests that legacy POP-BFRs are increasingly found in consumer products, including those used for and by children. The presence of legacy POP-BFRs in children's products is a big concern. Children are more vulnerable to chemical exposure risks than adults because their bodies are still developing and fragile. The rising problem is contributed to by the global push towards a circular economy that encourages responsible production and consumption by practising the recycling of waste materials. Waste materials such as electronic and electrical equipment plastics often contain POP-BFRs. POP-BFRs in waste materials are transferred into new products through recycling. The recycled products have become a potential source of exposure to legacy POP-BFRs for vulnerable populations, particularly children. Our scoping review aims to map and summarise the emerging literature. This information is needed to inform evidence-based policies to protect children from toxic exposures.
Our scoping review will follow a methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley. Peer-reviewed and grey literature on the topic will be retrieved from electronic databases and other relevant sites. Two reviewers will screen titles and abstracts, followed by a full-text review of studies for eligibility based on the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data will be extracted, and findings will be mapped in a table according to study settings, types of children's products tested, and concentration of legacy POP-BFRs in contaminated products. A map chart will be created to display how contaminated products are spread globally.
Because of their unique vulnerabilities, children continue to suffer disproportionate exposures to toxic chemicals compared to adults. Information on potential exposures, particularly for children, is crucial to make evidence-based policies. We intend to map and summarise the emerging literature on legacy POP-BFRs in children's products. Findings will be disseminated to relevant stakeholders through publishing in a peer-reviewed scientific journal and policy briefs.
The protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework ( https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/7KDE5 ).
由于溴化阻燃剂（BFRs）对环境和健康有不利影响，已被列入《斯德哥尔摩公约》附件 A，以实现其在全球范围内的生产和使用的消除。其对健康的影响包括内分泌干扰、癌症、生殖影响以及儿童的神经行为和发育障碍。新出现的文献表明，旧有的持久性有机污染物 - 溴化阻燃剂（POP-BFRs）在消费品中越来越常见，包括儿童使用和接触的产品。儿童产品中存在旧有的持久性有机污染物 - 溴化阻燃剂（POP-BFRs）是一个令人担忧的大问题。儿童比成年人更容易受到化学暴露的风险，因为他们的身体还在发育和脆弱。这一日益严重的问题是由于全球向循环经济的推动所致，该经济鼓励通过实践废物材料的回收利用来负责任地生产和消费。电子和电气设备塑料等废物材料通常含有持久性有机污染物 - 溴化阻燃剂（POP-BFRs）。通过回收利用，废物材料中的持久性有机污染物 - 溴化阻燃剂（POP-BFRs）转移到新产品中。回收产品已成为弱势群体（尤其是儿童）接触旧有持久性有机污染物 - 溴化阻燃剂（POP-BFRs）的潜在来源。我们的范围综述旨在绘制和总结新兴文献。为了制定保护儿童免受有毒物质暴露的循证政策，需要这些信息。
我们的范围综述将遵循 Arksey 和 O'Malley 提出的方法框架。将从电子数据库和其他相关网站中检索关于该主题的同行评审和灰色文献。两名评审员将筛选标题和摘要，然后根据既定的纳入和排除标准对研究进行全文审查，以确定其是否符合入选条件。将提取数据，并根据研究设置、测试的儿童产品类型以及受污染产品中旧有持久性有机污染物 - 溴化阻燃剂（POP-BFRs）的浓度，将研究结果映射到表格中。将创建一个地图图表，以显示受污染产品在全球的分布情况。
由于其独特的脆弱性，与成年人相比，儿童继续不成比例地受到有毒化学物质的暴露。关于潜在暴露的信息，特别是针对儿童的信息，对于制定循证政策至关重要。我们打算绘制和总结儿童产品中旧有持久性有机污染物 - 溴化阻燃剂（POP-BFRs）的新兴文献。研究结果将通过在同行评审的科学期刊和政策简报中发表来分发给相关利益攸关方。
该方案已在开放科学框架（https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/7KDE5）中注册。
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