Arshad Khurram, Ali Farman, Alamro Yazan, Latif Rabia, Egbe Bessong Tabot Antoine
Internal Medicine, Corewell Health East Dearborn, Dearborn, USA.
Medicine, St. John Hospital and Medical Center, Detroit, USA.
Cureus. 2024 May 4;16(5):e59648. doi: 10.7759/cureus.59648. eCollection 2024 May.
Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a gram-positive, coagulase-negative organism, typically found in the normal skin flora, predominantly colonizing the perineal region. It has gained recognition as an opportunistic pathogen capable of causing severe infections. This manuscript presents a case study of a 75-year-old female with multiple comorbidities, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation on Xarelto, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, and a bioprosthetic aortic valve. The patient exhibited symptoms of fever, chills, and lethargy following a dog scratch that resulted in wounds on the left lower extremity. Despite initial negative findings in the drug screen and unremarkable workup for other infectious etiologies, the patient's clinical course revealed the presence of S. lugdunensis in the blood cultures. Timely intervention with broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics and a six-week course of cefazolin led to significant improvement without recurrence. Staphylococcus lugdunensis, previously considered a relatively benign microorganism, has become a significant player in infectious diseases, particularly causing skin and soft tissue infections and infective endocarditis (IE). It is considered an aggressive pathogen, especially in chronic immunocompromised personnel, with a high potential for morbidity and mortality. S. lugdunensis was found to be the fourth most common cause of IE. The manuscript discusses the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and management of S. lugdunensis infections, emphasizing the importance of early recognition and treatment to prevent potentially fatal outcomes.
路邓葡萄球菌是一种革兰氏阳性、凝固酶阴性的微生物，通常存在于正常皮肤菌群中，主要定殖于会阴区域。它已被公认为一种能够引起严重感染的机会性病原体。本文献介绍了一例75岁女性的病例研究，该女性患有多种合并症，包括高血压、高脂血症、正在服用利伐沙班的房颤、2型糖尿病、甲状腺功能减退以及生物人工主动脉瓣。患者在被狗抓伤导致左下肢伤口后出现发热、寒战和嗜睡症状。尽管药物筛查最初结果为阴性，且对其他感染病因的检查无异常，但患者的临床病程显示血培养中存在路邓葡萄球菌。及时使用广谱静脉抗生素并给予六周的头孢唑林疗程后，病情显著改善且未复发。路邓葡萄球菌以前被认为是一种相对良性的微生物，现已成为传染病中的重要病原体，尤其会引起皮肤和软组织感染以及感染性心内膜炎（IE）。它被认为是一种侵袭性病原体，特别是在慢性免疫功能低下人群中，具有较高的发病和死亡风险。路邓葡萄球菌被发现是感染性心内膜炎的第四大常见病因。本文献讨论了路邓葡萄球菌感染的流行病学、临床表现和管理，强调了早期识别和治疗以预防潜在致命后果的重要性。
