Institute of Applied Economics, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, Shanghai, China.
Shanghai National Accounting Institute, Shanghai, China.
Front Public Health. 2024 May 20;12:1345775. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1345775. eCollection 2024.
Currently, China is steadily pursuing high-quality development and promoting common prosperity, for which residents' health is a precondition. However, high housing-price-to-income ratios and rent-to-income ratios have already triggered many social problems and have substantially affected people's work and life. It is of practical significance to examine the relationship between housing burden and residents' health.
Combining city-level housing price-to-income ratio data and residents' health data from the China Family Panel Studies, this study employs a binary logit model to investigate the impact and mechanism of housing burden on residents' physical and psychological health.
Overall, a 1% increase in the housing-price-to-income ratio leads to a 1.2% decrease in physical health and a 1.9% decrease in psychological health. In terms of different psychological state indicators, a 1% increase in the housing price-to-income ratio leads to a 1.1% increase in depression, 1.1% increase in nervousness, 1.4% increase in relentlessness, 1.4% increase in hopelessness, 1.0% increase in a sense of incapability, and 1.4% increase in meaninglessness. According to mechanistic analyses, a 1% increase in the housing-price-to-income ratio leads to increases of 0.6 and 0.7% in the smoking rate and late sleep rate, respectively, while it leads to a 0.9% decrease in the noon nap rate.
A growing housing burden significantly negatively impacts both the physical and psychological health of residents and increases the possibility of negative emotions. Further investigation revealed that the housing burden damages residents' health by increasing their likelihood of smoking and sleeping late and decreasing their likelihood of taking a nap at noon, while exercise alleviates the negative impacts of the housing burden on residents' physical and psychological health. Finally, we also find that housing burdens' impacts on physical and psychological health differ significantly in terms of gender, age, and educational attainment. From the perspective of improving livelihoods, governments should consider the relationship between housing burdens and residents' health when formulating livelihood policies. Location-specific and targeted policies should be followed. Additionally, efforts should be made to promote exercise among citizens.
当前，中国正稳步追求高质量发展和共同富裕，居民健康是前提。然而，高房价收入比和租金收入比已经引发了诸多社会问题，对人们的工作和生活产生了实质性影响。考察住房负担对居民健康的关系具有现实意义。
本研究结合城市层面房价收入比数据和中国家庭追踪调查的居民健康数据，采用二元 logit 模型考察住房负担对居民身心健康的影响及其作用机制。
总体而言，房价收入比上升 1%会导致居民身体健康下降 1.2%，心理健康下降 1.9%。就不同的心理状态指标而言，房价收入比上升 1%会导致抑郁增加 1.1%、紧张增加 1.1%、无奈感增加 1.4%、无望感增加 1.4%、无力感增加 1.0%、无意义感增加 1.4%。基于机制分析，房价收入比上升 1%会分别导致吸烟率和晚睡率上升 0.6%和 0.7%，而午睡率下降 0.9%。
住房负担的增加显著负向影响居民身心健康，增加负面情绪发生的可能性。进一步研究发现，住房负担通过增加吸烟和晚睡的可能性以及减少午睡的可能性来损害居民的健康，而锻炼缓解了住房负担对居民身心健康的负面影响。最后，我们还发现住房负担对身心健康的影响在性别、年龄和受教育程度方面存在显著差异。从改善民生的角度出发，政府在制定民生政策时应考虑住房负担与居民健康的关系，应采取有针对性的、因地制宜的政策，同时应努力促进公民锻炼。
