Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China.
Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
BMC Psychiatry. 2024 Jun 4;24(1):414. doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-05350-2.
Fostering empathy has been continuously emphasized in the global medical education. Empathy is crucial to enhance patient-physician relationships, and is associated with medical students' academic and clinical performance. However, empathy level of medical students in China and related influencing factors are not clear.
This was a cross-sectional study among medical students in 11 universities. We used the Jefferson Scale of Empathy Student-version of Chinese version to measure empathy level of medical students. Factors associated with empathy were identified by the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Based on the variables identified above, the nomogram was established to predict high empathy probability of medical students. Receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration plot and decision curve analysis were used to evaluate the discrimination, calibration and educational utility of the model.
We received 10,901 samples, but a total of 10,576 samples could be used for further analysis (effective response rate of 97.02%). The mean empathy score of undergraduate medical students was 67.38 (standard deviation = 9.39). Six variables including gender, university category, only child or not, self-perception doctor-patient relationship in hospitals, interest of medicine, Kolb learning style showed statistical significance with empathy of medical students (P < 0.05). Then, the nomogram was established based on six variables. The validation suggested the nomogram model was well calibrated and had good utility in education, as well as area under the curve of model prediction was 0.65.
We identify factors influencing empathy of undergraduate medical students. Moreover, increasing manifest and hidden curriculums on cultivating empathy of medical students may be needed among medical universities or schools in China.
培养同理心一直受到全球医学教育的重视。同理心对于增强医患关系至关重要，与医学生的学业和临床表现相关。然而，中国医学生的同理心水平及其相关影响因素尚不清楚。
这是一项在中国 11 所大学的医学生中进行的横断面研究。我们使用杰斐逊同理心量表学生中文版来衡量医学生的同理心水平。使用单因素和多因素逻辑回归分析确定与同理心相关的因素。基于上述变量，建立列线图以预测医学生高同理心的概率。使用受试者工作特征曲线、校准图和决策曲线分析评估模型的区分度、校准度和教育实用性。
我们共收到了 10901 份样本，但只有 10576 份可用于进一步分析（有效回复率为 97.02%）。本科医学生的平均同理心得分为 67.38（标准差=9.39）。包括性别、大学类别、是否为独生子女、对医院医患关系的自我认知、对医学的兴趣、科尔布学习风格在内的 6 个变量与医学生的同理心存在统计学意义（P<0.05）。然后，基于这 6 个变量建立了列线图。验证表明，该列线图模型具有良好的校准度和教育实用性，模型预测的曲线下面积为 0.65。
我们确定了影响本科医学生同理心的因素。此外，中国的医学院校可能需要增加培养医学生同理心的显性和隐性课程。
