Assefa Fentahun Birhanu, Belete Mossie Tilahun, Damtew Hailu Rekik, Bete Tilahun, Moges Demeke Solomon
Department of Psychiatry, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Department of Psychiatry, College Medical and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Front Psychiatry. 2024 May 21;15:1387833. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1387833. eCollection 2024.
People who have encountered adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are predisposed to developing schizophrenia, experiencing exacerbated symptoms, and facing an elevated risk of disease relapse. It is imperative to evaluate the prevalence of ACEs to comprehend the specific attributes of this condition and enable the implementation of suitable interventions.
The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of ACEs and its determinants among people with schizophrenia and the patient attendants in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out at the Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, from April 26 to June 10, 2023. A total of 291 individuals with schizophrenia and 293 individuals from the patient attendants were selected using a systematic random sampling method. A proportional odds model ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with ACEs.
The occurrence of at least one ACE among individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia was 69.4%, while patient attendants had a 46.8%, as indicated by the Chi-square test, which showed a significant difference at p <0.05. The study findings indicated that individuals with schizophrenia who have encountered four or more ACEs are more inclined to have lower educational attainment (AOR: 4.69 [1.94 - 11.61]), low resilient coping mechanisms (AOR: 2.07 [1.11 - 3.90]), and poor social support (AOR: 3.93 [2.13 - 7.32]). Conversely, factors such as rural residency, illiteracy, and heightened attachment-related anxiety were found to be notably associated with the patient attendants.
In this study, the substantial prevalence of ACEs emphasized the necessity for ACE screening and the implementation of evidence-based interventions to address and alleviate the overall burden of ACEs.
经历过童年不良经历（ACEs）的人更容易患精神分裂症、症状加重以及疾病复发风险升高。评估ACEs的患病率对于理解这种情况的具体特征并实施适当干预措施至关重要。
本研究的目的是评估埃塞俄比亚巴赫达尔精神分裂症患者及患者陪护人员中ACEs的患病率及其决定因素。
2023年4月26日至6月10日，在埃塞俄比亚巴赫达尔的综合专科医院进行了一项比较横断面研究。采用系统随机抽样方法，共选取了291名精神分裂症患者和293名患者陪护人员。使用比例优势模型有序逻辑回归分析来确定与ACEs相关的因素。
卡方检验表明，被诊断为精神分裂症的个体中至少发生一次ACE的比例为69.4%，而患者陪护人员的这一比例为46.8%，p<0.05时差异显著。研究结果表明，经历过四次或更多次ACE的精神分裂症患者更倾向于受教育程度较低（调整后比值比[AOR]：4.69[1.94 - 11.61]）、应对机制弹性低（AOR：2.07[1.11 - 3.90]）以及社会支持差（AOR：3.93[2.13 - 7.32]）。相反，农村居住、文盲和与依恋相关的焦虑加剧等因素与患者陪护人员显著相关。
在本研究中，ACEs的高患病率强调了进行ACE筛查以及实施循证干预措施以应对和减轻ACEs总体负担的必要性。
