Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Kyambogo University, Uganda.
Child Abuse Negl. 2022 Apr;126:105513. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105513. Epub 2022 Feb 7.
Although adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are often associated with poor outcomes in adulthood, little is known about its distribution in various family types, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
We assessed the prevalence, distribution, and attributable risks of ACEs in different family types in early adults.
Using data from 483 young adults (18-25 years of age), we assessed the prevalence and distribution of ACEs and employed binary logistic regressions to quantify the attributable risk of ACEs in different family types: nuclear (reference), single-mother, separated/divorced, and extended family types. We compared respondents without reports of ACEs (reference) to those reporting different numbers of ACEs (1 or more, 2 or more, 3 or more, 4 or more and 5 or more) to assess attributable risks of ACEs in different family types.
Out of the 483 participants, (female = 262 [53.3%]), 26.7% reported no ACEs, 21.1% reported 1 ACE, 13.3% reported 2 ACEs, and 38.9% reported 3 or more ACEs. Two hundred thirty-two (48%) and 153 (31.7%) students reported that they were from a nuclear and single-mother family types, respectively. Overall, there were higher densities of ACEs in single-mother and separated/divorced compared to nuclear family type. Compared to nuclear family type, the attributable risks of ACEs for single-mother family type ranged from 2.85 (95% Confidence Intervals (CI) 1.65) to 4.13 (95% CI: 1.92-8.91) and for separate/divorced family type ranging from 3.69 (95% CI: 1.72) to 6.32 (95% CI: 2.40-16.64).
The odds of ACEs differ with family types and were markedly pronounced in single-mother and separated/divorced compared to nuclear family types. Interventions to mitigate the effects of ACEs should be targeted at family types with a high density of ACEs. Professionals should design programmes targeting single-mother, separated/divorced and extended family types to alleviate the negative effects of childhood adversity.
尽管不良的童年经历（ACEs）通常与成年人的不良后果有关，但对于其在各种家庭类型中的分布情况，尤其是在中低收入国家，人们知之甚少。
我们评估了不同家庭类型中早期成年人 ACEs 的流行程度、分布情况和归因风险。
使用来自 483 名年轻人（18-25 岁）的数据，我们评估了 ACEs 的流行程度和分布情况，并采用二项逻辑回归来量化不同家庭类型中的 ACEs 的归因风险：核心家庭（参照）、单亲、离异/分居和扩展家庭类型。我们将没有 ACEs 报告的受访者（参照）与报告有不同数量 ACEs 的受访者进行比较（1 个或更多、2 个或更多、3 个或更多、4 个或更多和 5 个或更多），以评估不同家庭类型中 ACEs 的归因风险。
在 483 名参与者中（女性=262[53.3%]），26.7%的人没有 ACEs，21.1%的人报告了 1 个 ACE，13.3%的人报告了 2 个 ACE，38.9%的人报告了 3 个或更多 ACE。232（48%）和 153（31.7%）名学生分别报告他们来自核心家庭和单亲家庭类型。总体而言，单亲家庭和离异/分居家庭类型的 ACEs 密度高于核心家庭类型。与核心家庭类型相比，单亲家庭类型的 ACEs 归因风险范围为 2.85（95%置信区间（CI）1.65-4.13），离异/分居家庭类型的归因风险范围为 3.69（95% CI：1.72-6.32）。
ACEs 的发生几率因家庭类型而异，与核心家庭类型相比，单亲家庭和离异/分居家庭类型的 ACEs 发生率明显更高。应针对 ACEs 密度较高的家庭类型采取干预措施，以减轻 ACEs 的影响。专业人员应设计针对单亲、离异/分居和扩展家庭类型的方案，以减轻童年逆境的负面影响。
