Zhang Yao, Yuan Yizhong, Yu Huimei, Cai Chunhua, Sun Jinyu, Tian Xiaohui
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China.
Mater Horiz. 2024 Aug 12;11(16):3911-3920. doi: 10.1039/d4mh00448e.
Expanding the detection information of wearable smart devices in applications has practical implications for their use in daily life and healthcare. Damage and breakage caused by mechanical injuries and continuous use are unavoidable for polymer matrices so self-healing properties are expected to be conferred on flexible sensors to extend their life and durability. In addition, a good linearity of relative resistance change strain (gauge factor, GF) facilitates the streamlined conversion of electrical signals to 3D information of human motion, whereas existing works on sensors neglect the quantitative analysis of signals. This letter reports a self-healable flexible electronic sensor based on hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction between maleic acid-grafted natural rubber (MNR), polyaniline (PANI), and phytic acid (PA). MNR is the flexible matrix and the template for aniline (ANI) polymerization, and PA acts as the dopant and crosslinking agent. The MNR-PANI-PA sensor shows easy self-healing at room temperature, enhanced mechanical behaviour (∼2.5 MPa, 1000% strain), and excellent linearity (GF of 13.8 over 250% strain and GF of 32.0 over 250-100% strain). Due to the highly linear relationship between Δ/ and bending angle, the electrical signals of human limb movement can output relevant information on bending angle and frequency. By constructing a sensing array, changes in the position and magnitude of applied pressure could also be detected in real-time. Based on these advantages, the MNR-PANI-PA composite sensor is expected to have potential applications in health monitoring, body motion detection, and electronic skins.
在应用中扩展可穿戴智能设备的检测信息对其在日常生活和医疗保健中的使用具有实际意义。对于聚合物基体而言，机械损伤和持续使用导致的损坏和破损是不可避免的，因此期望赋予柔性传感器自愈合性能以延长其寿命和耐用性。此外，相对电阻变化与应变之间良好的线性关系（应变片系数，GF）有助于将电信号简化转换为人体运动的三维信息，而现有传感器研究忽略了信号的定量分析。本文报道了一种基于马来酸接枝天然橡胶（MNR）、聚苯胺（PANI）和植酸（PA）之间氢键和静电相互作用的自愈合柔性电子传感器。MNR是柔性基体和苯胺（ANI）聚合的模板，PA充当掺杂剂和交联剂。MNR-PANI-PA传感器在室温下易于自愈合，具有增强的力学性能（约2.5MPa，1000%应变）和出色的线性度（在250%应变范围内GF为13.8，在250 - 100%应变范围内GF为32.0）。由于Δ/与弯曲角度之间具有高度线性关系，人体肢体运动的电信号可以输出有关弯曲角度和频率的相关信息。通过构建传感阵列，还可以实时检测施加压力的位置和大小的变化。基于这些优点，MNR-PANI-PA复合传感器有望在健康监测、人体运动检测和电子皮肤等方面具有潜在应用。
