Melbourne School of Population Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Institute for Health Transformation & School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Am J Ind Med. 2024 Aug;67(8):696-711. doi: 10.1002/ajim.23620. Epub 2024 Jun 4.
This review synthesizes evidence from etiologic and intervention studies of workplace-related determinants of mental health in workers in food and bar workers in the hospitality industry in Western high-income countries.
Peer-reviewed literature published between January 2000 and August 2023 was gathered from five bibliographic databases. Any study design was eligible. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute tools for appraisal.
A narrative analysis was conducted for 26 included studies (total n = 15,069 participants) across Australia (3), Ireland (1), Norway (1), Spain (2), the United States (17) and the United Kingdom (2). Individual and task-related factors such as high emotional job demands and low job control were associated with high burnout and depression. Uncivil and hostile interpersonal interactions with customers, management, and colleagues were found to contribute to poor mental health outcomes, including depression, anxiety, and burnout.
Findings from included studies highlight the impact of workplace culture, including management practices and workplace social support, on mental health. Organization-level interventions may therefore be most effective for addressing individual, interpersonal, and organizational determinants of mental health in food and bar occupations, particularly when implemented as part of broader organizational efforts to support health and wellbeing. Industry-wide policy changes may also be necessary to address structural concerns, including job and financial insecurity, job strain and access to benefits, such as secure sick leave and minimum contract hours.
本综述综合了西方高收入国家食品和酒吧行业酒店业工作场所相关心理卫生决定因素的病因学和干预研究的证据。
从五个文献数据库中收集了 2000 年 1 月至 2023 年 8 月期间发表的同行评审文献。任何研究设计都符合条件。使用 Joanna Briggs 研究所的评估工具评估研究质量。
对 26 项纳入研究（总参与者为 15069 人）进行了叙述性分析，这些研究来自澳大利亚（3 项）、爱尔兰（1 项）、挪威（1 项）、西班牙（2 项）、美国（17 项）和英国（2 项）。个人和任务相关因素，如高情绪工作要求和低工作控制，与高倦怠和抑郁有关。与顾客、管理层和同事之间不文明和敌对的人际互动被发现会导致心理健康状况不佳，包括抑郁、焦虑和倦怠。
纳入研究的结果强调了工作场所文化（包括管理实践和工作场所社会支持）对心理健康的影响。因此，组织层面的干预措施可能是解决食品和酒吧行业心理卫生的个人、人际和组织决定因素的最有效方法，特别是当作为更广泛的组织支持健康和幸福感努力的一部分实施时。可能还需要进行全行业政策改革，以解决结构性问题，包括工作和财务保障、工作压力以及获得福利的机会，如带薪病假和最低合同小时数。
