Huang Jianlin, Shi Zhikai, Mao Chengwei, Yang Gaixiu, Chen Yan
School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
Small. 2024 Oct;20(40):e2402511. doi: 10.1002/smll.202402511. Epub 2024 Jun 4.
Electrocatalytic water splitting (EWS) driven by renewable energy is widely considered an environmentally friendly and sustainable approach for generating hydrogen (H), an ideal energy carrier for the future. However, the efficiency and economic viability of large-scale water electrolysis depend on electrocatalysts that can efficiently accelerate the electrochemical reactions taking place at the two electrodes. Wood-derived nanomaterials are well-suited for serving as EWS catalysts because of their hierarchically porous structure with high surface area and low tortuosity, compositional tunability, cost-effectiveness, and self-standing integral electrode configuration. Here, recent advancements in the design and synthesis of wood-structured nanomaterials serving as advanced electrocatalysts for water splitting are summarized. First, the design principles and corresponding strategies toward highly effective wood-structured electrocatalysts (WSECs) are emphasized. Then, a comprehensive overview of current findings on WSECs, encompassing diverse structural designs and functionalities such as supported-metal nanoparticles (NPs), single-atom catalysts (SACs), metal compounds, and heterostructured electrocatalysts based on engineered wood hosts are presented. Subsequently, the application of these WSECs in various aspects of water splitting, including the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), overall water splitting (OWS), and hybrid water electrolysis (HWE) are explored. Finally, the prospects, challenges, and opportunities associated with the broad application of WSECs are briefly discussed. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the ongoing developments in water-splitting catalysts, along with outlining design principles for the future development of WSECs.
由可再生能源驱动的电催化水分解（EWS）被广泛认为是一种环境友好且可持续的制氢方法，氢是未来理想的能量载体。然而，大规模水电解的效率和经济可行性取决于能够有效加速在两个电极上发生的电化学反应的电催化剂。木质衍生的纳米材料非常适合用作EWS催化剂，因为它们具有高比表面积和低曲折度的分级多孔结构、成分可调性、成本效益以及自立式整体电极配置。在此，总结了用作水分解高级电催化剂的木质结构纳米材料在设计和合成方面的最新进展。首先，强调了针对高效木质结构电催化剂（WSEC）的设计原则和相应策略。然后，全面概述了目前关于WSEC的研究结果，包括基于工程化木质主体的各种结构设计和功能，如负载金属纳米颗粒（NP）、单原子催化剂（SAC）、金属化合物和异质结构电催化剂。随后，探讨了这些WSEC在水分解各个方面的应用，包括析氢反应（HER）、析氧反应（OER）、全水分解（OWS）和混合水电解（HWE）。最后，简要讨论了WSEC广泛应用相关的前景、挑战和机遇。本综述旨在全面了解水分解催化剂的当前发展情况，并概述WSEC未来发展的设计原则。
