Uden D L, Goetz D R, Kohen D P, Fifield G C
Ann Emerg Med. 1985 Mar;14(3):229-32. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(85)80445-5.
Nineteen children who presented for treatment of acute asthma symptoms were studied. They were randomized to receive either subcutaneous epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg (0.3 mg maximum) or nebulized terbutaline 1 mg in 2 mL normal saline. The drugs were administered using the double-blind method. Each patient received either subcutaneous epinephrine with concurrent nebulized normal saline or nebulized terbutaline with a concurrent subcutaneous injection of normal saline. Depending on the patient's clinical status, up to three doses of the same drug and placebo were administered. Pulmonary functions (FEV1, FVC, FEF25-75), heart rate, respiratory rate, and pulmonary index were obtained before treatment, at 20 minutes, and at one hour after the final treatment. Except for the baseline respiratory rate, the mean number of treatments, pulmonary index, heart rate, and respiratory rate (at 20 minutes and one hour) were not statistically different. Pulmonary functions were not significantly different at any time. The one-hour post-treatment pulmonary functions (percentage of predicted normal) for terbutaline and epinephrine were FEV1, 49.2 +/- 18.4% and 49.4 +/- 16.9%; FVC, 72.7 +/- 23.4% and 62.7 +/- 21.6%; and FEF25-75, 31.8 +/- 18.6% and 39.0 +/- 12.2%, respectively. The data presented support our hypothesis that terbutaline by nebulization is at least as effective as epinephrine in the management of children with similar degrees of pulmonary obstruction.
对19名因急性哮喘症状前来治疗的儿童进行了研究。他们被随机分为两组，一组接受皮下注射肾上腺素0.01mg/kg（最大剂量0.3mg），另一组接受在2ml生理盐水中雾化吸入1mg特布他林。药物采用双盲法给药。每位患者要么接受皮下注射肾上腺素并同时雾化吸入生理盐水，要么接受雾化吸入特布他林并同时皮下注射生理盐水。根据患者的临床状况，最多给予同一药物和安慰剂三剂。在治疗前、治疗后20分钟和最后一次治疗后1小时测量肺功能（FEV1、FVC、FEF25 - 75）、心率、呼吸频率和肺指数。除基线呼吸频率外，平均治疗次数、肺指数、心率和呼吸频率（在20分钟和1小时时）在统计学上无差异。肺功能在任何时候均无显著差异。特布他林和肾上腺素治疗后1小时的肺功能（预计正常百分比）分别为：FEV1，49.2±18.4%和49.4±16.9%；FVC，72.7±23.4%和62.7±21.6%；FEF25 - 75，31.8±18.6%和39.0±12.
