Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2024 Aug;109:104492. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104492. Epub 2024 Jun 3.
We evaluated whether thymol (THY) (30 mg/kg b.wt) could relieve the adverse effects of the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid (IMD) (22.5 mg/kg b.wt) on the liver in a 56-day oral experiment and the probable underlying mechanisms. THY significantly suppressed the IMD-associated increase in hepatic enzyme leakage. Besides, the IMD-induced dyslipidemia was considerably corrected by THY. Moreover, THY significantly repressed the IMD-induced hepatic oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and inflammation. Of note, the Feulgen, mercuric bromophenol blue, and PAS-stained hepatic tissue sections analysis declared that treatment with THY largely rescued the IMD-induced depletion of the DNA, total proteins, and polysaccharides. Moreover, THY treatment did not affect the NF-kB p65 immunoexpression but markedly downregulated the Caspase-3 in the hepatocytes of the THY+IMD-treated group than the IMD-treated group. Conclusively, THY could efficiently protect against IMD-induced hepatotoxicity, probably through protecting cellular macromolecules and antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory activities.
我们评估了百里香酚（THY）（30mg/kg 体重）是否能缓解新烟碱类杀虫剂噻虫嗪（IMD）（22.5mg/kg 体重）在 56 天口服实验中对肝脏的不良影响及其可能的潜在机制。THY 显著抑制了 IMD 相关的肝酶泄漏增加。此外，THY 显著纠正了 IMD 诱导的血脂异常。此外，THY 还显著抑制了 IMD 诱导的肝氧化应激、脂质过氧化、DNA 损伤和炎症。值得注意的是，Feulgen、汞溴酚蓝和 PAS 染色的肝组织切片分析表明，THY 处理在很大程度上挽救了 IMD 诱导的 DNA、总蛋白和多糖的耗竭。此外，THY 处理并不影响 NF-kB p65 的免疫表达，但在 THY+IMD 处理组的肝细胞中，Caspase-3 的表达明显低于 IMD 处理组。总之，THY 能有效防治 IMD 诱导的肝毒性，可能是通过保护细胞大分子和抗氧化、抗凋亡和抗炎作用。
