Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Aug 25;940:173731. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173731. Epub 2024 Jun 4.
Residential greenness is considered beneficial to human health, and its association with respiratory function has been found in previous studies. However, its link with pneumonia remains unclear. To explore the association of residential greenness with incident pneumonia, we conducted a prospective cohort study based on participants of the UK Biobank, followed from 2006 to 2010 to the end of 2019. Residential greenness was measured by Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) within 500 m and 1000 m buffer. Cox proportional hazard models were conducted to assess the association, and restricted cubic spline models were also constructed to estimate their exposure-response relationship. Results demonstrate that residential greenness was negatively related to the risk of incident pneumonia. An interquartile (IQR) increase in NDVI 500-m buffer was associated with 4 % [HR (95 % CI) =0.96 (0.94, 0.97), P < 0.001] lower risk of incident pneumonia. Compared to the lowest greenness quartile (Q1), the highest quartile (Q4) had a lower risk of incident pneumonia, with the HR (95 % CI) estimated to be 0.91 (0.87, 0.95) (P values <0.001). Analyses based on NDVI 1000-m buffer obtained similar results. Furthermore, a significant effect of modifications by age and income on the linkage between residential greenness and incident pneumonia was found. These findings propose a potential effective prevention of incident pneumonia and provide the scientific basis for promoting the construction of residential greenness.
居住绿化被认为对人类健康有益，先前的研究已经发现其与呼吸功能之间存在关联。然而，其与肺炎之间的联系尚不清楚。为了探讨居住绿化与肺炎发病之间的关联，我们基于英国生物银行（UK Biobank）的参与者进行了一项前瞻性队列研究，从 2006 年至 2010 年随访至 2019 年底。居住绿化通过 500 米和 1000 米缓冲区的归一化植被指数（NDVI）进行测量。采用 Cox 比例风险模型评估相关性，并构建限制立方样条模型来估计其暴露-反应关系。结果表明，居住绿化与肺炎发病风险呈负相关。NDVI 500 米缓冲区的四分位间距（IQR）增加与肺炎发病风险降低 4%相关[风险比（95%置信区间）=0.96（0.94，0.97），P<0.001]。与绿化程度最低的四分位（Q1）相比，绿化程度最高的四分位（Q4）发生肺炎的风险较低，其估计的风险比（95%置信区间）为 0.91（0.87，0.95）（P 值均<0.001）。基于 NDVI 1000 米缓冲区的分析得出了类似的结果。此外，还发现年龄和收入的调整对居住绿化与肺炎发病之间的关联有显著影响。这些发现提出了一种预防肺炎发病的潜在有效方法，并为促进居住绿化建设提供了科学依据。
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