孕期母体暴露于工业源重金属与加利福尼亚儿童癌症风险
Maternal Exposure to Heavy Metals From Industrial Sources During Pregnancy and Childhood Cancer Risk in California.
机构信息
From the Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (Y.C., D.V.D., R.N., J.E.H.); California Center for Population Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (R.N.); CREAGEN-Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy (M.V.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA (M.V.); Department of Geography and the Environment, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (W.K.); Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (M.C.); Department of Pediatrics, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA (N.F.); and College of Health and Public Service, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (J.E.H.).
出版信息
J Occup Environ Med. 2024 Sep 1;66(9):714-721. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003160. Epub 2024 Jun 6.
OBJECTIVE
The study investigated maternal exposure to heavy metals from industrial sources during pregnancy as potential risk factors for childhood cancer.
METHODS
Cases ages 0-19 were identified from California Cancer Registry. Controls (20:1 ratio) were randomly selected from California Birth Registry, frequency-matched by birth year (1998-2016). We estimated maternal exposure to lead, nickel, and cobalt in ambient air from the Toxics Release Inventory. We examined "ever/never" and "high/low" exposures categorized by median exposure. Models were adjusted for maternal age, race/ethnicity, method of payment for prenatal care, neighborhood socioeconomic status, and urban/rural residence.
RESULTS
Among highly exposed persons, lead was associated with an increased teratoma risk (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.52; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.97, 2.37), whereas nickel was associated with an increased rhabdomyosarcoma risk (aOR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.04). Cobalt was associated with an increased glioma risk (aOR: 2.25; 95% CI: 1.39, 3.65) among ever-exposed persons. Inverse associations were found between Wilms tumor and nickel among the ever exposed and highly exposed (ever: aOR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.96; high: aOR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.93).
CONCLUSIONS
Findings suggest that air pollution from heavy metals released by industrial sources may elevate childhood cancer risk.
目的
本研究调查了孕妇在怀孕期间接触工业来源重金属的情况，认为这是儿童癌症的潜在危险因素。
方法
从加利福尼亚癌症登记处确定了年龄在 0 至 19 岁的病例。从加利福尼亚出生登记处随机选择对照（20:1 比例），按出生年份（1998-2016 年）进行频率匹配。我们从有毒物质释放清单中估计了母亲在环境空气中接触铅、镍和钴的情况。我们检查了按中位数暴露分类的“曾经/从未”和“高/低”暴露。模型调整了母亲的年龄、种族/民族、产前护理支付方式、邻里社会经济地位和城乡居住情况。
结果
在高度暴露的人群中，铅与畸胎瘤风险增加有关（调整后的优势比[aOR]：1.52；95%置信区间[CI]：0.97，2.37），而镍与横纹肌肉瘤风险增加有关（aOR：1.45；95% CI：1.03，2.04）。在曾经暴露的人群中，钴与胶质瘤风险增加有关（aOR：2.25；95% CI：1.39，3.65）。在曾经暴露和高度暴露的人群中，镍与肾母细胞瘤呈负相关（曾经：aOR：0.75；95% CI：0.59，0.96；高度：aOR：0.64；95% CI：0.45，0.93）。
结论
研究结果表明，工业来源重金属释放的空气污染可能会增加儿童癌症的风险。
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