Liu Siyuan, Xie Biao, Ji Hongjin, Li Shengli
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 May 22;11:1357738. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1357738. eCollection 2024.
Dairy industry growth faces challenges in China due to inadequate forage, leading to high-concentrate diets and potential rumen issues. Buffering agents, like sodium bicarbonate, play a crucial role in stabilizing rumen pH. Alkaline Mineral Complex (AMC), a liquid additive with a pH of 14, shows promise in supporting dairy cow health and mitigating heat stress through ionization.
This experiment was aimed to study the effect of adding AMC to total mixed ration (TMR) on ruminal fermentation and bacterial composition. AMCat 1, 2, 4, and 8 mL/kg was added to the substrate (0.5 g TMR). Nutrient digestibility was measured after 48 h fermentation, and fermentation parameters and microbial composition were measured after 48 h fermentation.
The results of the experiment indicated that: The different concentrations of AMC showed a significant impact on time taken for gas production to reach 1/2 of the total gas production (HT) parameters ( < 0.05). Linear pH increase occurs at 6 and 24 h with rising AMC concentration ( < 0.05), showing a quadratic trend at 12 h ( < 0.05). The optimal buffering effect on rumen acid-base balance was observed at a 2 mL/kg concentration of AMC. Microbial diversity analysis indicated that there was no significant change in α-diversity with different AMC concentrations ( > 0.05). The microbial level demonstrated no significant difference in species diversity of rumen fluid bacteria among the various AMC concentration treatment groups compared to the control group, further supporting that the advantage of adding AMC in stabilizing the rumen environment without altering the structure of the rumen microbiota. Besides, the addition of AMC significantly increased the concentrations of acetate, propionate, total fatty acids (TVFA), and NH3-N, suggesting that AMC contributed to enhancing the energy and nitrogen utilization efficiency in ruminants. Based on the above detection indicators, we recommend that the most favorable concentration is 2 mL/kg.
由于饲料不足，中国乳制品行业发展面临挑战，这导致了高浓缩日粮以及潜在的瘤胃问题。缓冲剂，如碳酸氢钠，在稳定瘤胃pH值方面起着至关重要的作用。碱性矿物质复合物（AMC）是一种pH值为14的液体添加剂，通过离子化在支持奶牛健康和减轻热应激方面显示出前景。
本实验旨在研究在全混合日粮（TMR）中添加AMC对瘤胃发酵和细菌组成的影响。将1、2、4和8 mL/kg的AMC添加到底物（0.5 g TMR）中。发酵48小时后测量营养物质消化率，发酵48小时后测量发酵参数和微生物组成。
实验结果表明：不同浓度的AMC对产气达到总产气量1/2所需时间（HT）参数有显著影响（P<0.05）。随着AMC浓度升高，在6小时和24小时时pH呈线性升高（P<0.05），在12小时时呈二次趋势（P<0.05）。在2 mL/kg的AMC浓度下观察到对瘤胃酸碱平衡的最佳缓冲效果。微生物多样性分析表明，不同AMC浓度下α多样性无显著变化（P>0.05）。微生物水平显示，与对照组相比，各AMC浓度处理组瘤胃液细菌的物种多样性无显著差异，进一步支持了添加AMC在稳定瘤胃环境而不改变瘤胃微生物群结构方面的优势。此外，添加AMC显著提高了乙酸、丙酸、总脂肪酸（TVFA）和NH3-N的浓度，表明AMC有助于提高反刍动物的能量和氮利用效率。基于上述检测指标，我们建议最适宜的浓度为2 mL/kg。
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