College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China.
Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China.
J Anim Sci. 2022 Oct 1;100(10). doi: 10.1093/jas/skac251.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of drinking water alkaline mineral complex (AMC) supplementation on growth performance, intestinal morphology, inflammatory response, immunity, antioxidant defense system, and barrier functions in weaned piglets. In a 15-d trial, 240 weaned piglets (9.35 ± 0.86 kg) at 28 d of age (large white × landrace × Duroc) were randomly divided into two groups: the control (Con) group and the AMC group. Drinking water AMC supplementation improved (P < 0.01) final body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) in weaned piglets compared to the Con group. Importantly, AMC reduced (P < 0.01) the feed-to-gain (F:G) ratio. AMC water improved the physical health conditions of piglets under weaning stress, as reflected by the decreased (P < 0.05) hair score and conjunctival score. Moreover, there was no significant (P > 0.05) difference in relatively small intestinal length, organ (liver, spleen, and kidney) indices, or gastrointestinal pH value in weaned piglets between the two groups. Of note, AMC significantly promoted the microvilli numbers in the small intestine and effectively ameliorated the gut morphology damage induced by weaning stress, as evidenced by the increased (P < 0.05) villous height (VH) and ratio of VH to crypt depth. Additionally, AMC lessened the levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, P < 0.01) and the contents of IL1β (P<0.05), and TNF-α (P<0.05) in the weaned piglet small intestine. Conversely, the gut immune barrier marker, secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) levels in serum and small intestine mucosa were elevated after AMC water treatment (P < 0.01). Furthermore, AMC elevated the antioxidant mRNA levels of (P < 0.05) SOD 1-2, (P < 0.01) CAT, and (P < 0.01) GPX 1-2 in the small intestine. Likewise, the mRNA levels of the small intestine tight junction factors Occludin (P < 0.01), ZO-1 (P < 0.05), Claudin 2 (P < 0.01), and Claudin 5 (P<0.01) in the AMC treatment group were notably higher than those in the Con group. In conclusion, drinking water AMC supplementation has an accelerative effect on growth performance by elevating gut health by improving intestinal morphology, the inflammatory response, the antioxidant defense system, and barrier function in weaned piglets.
本研究旨在探讨饮水碱性矿物复合物（AMC）补充对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道形态、炎症反应、免疫、抗氧化防御系统和屏障功能的影响。在为期 15 天的试验中，将 240 头 28 日龄（大白×长白×杜洛克）、体重为 9.35±0.86kg 的断奶仔猪随机分为两组：对照组（Con）和 AMC 组。与对照组相比，饮水 AMC 补充提高了（P＜0.01）断奶仔猪的末重（BW）和平均日增重（ADG）。重要的是，AMC 降低（P＜0.01）了料重比（F:G）。AMC 水改善了断奶仔猪的健康状况，降低了（P＜0.05）毛发评分和结膜评分。此外，两组断奶仔猪的相对小肠长度、器官（肝、脾和肾）指数或胃肠道 pH 值均无显著差异（P＞0.05）。值得注意的是，AMC 显著增加了小肠的微绒毛数量，有效改善了断奶应激引起的肠道形态损伤，表现为绒毛高度（VH）和 VH 与隐窝深度的比值增加（P＜0.05）。此外，AMC 降低了断奶仔猪小肠中脂多糖（LPS，P＜0.01）和白细胞介素 1β（IL1β，P＜0.05）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α，P＜0.05）的水平。相反，AMC 处理后血清和小肠黏膜中分泌型免疫球蛋白 A（sIgA）水平升高（P＜0.01）。此外，AMC 提高了（P＜0.05）小肠中 SOD1-2、（P＜0.01）CAT 和（P＜0.01）GPX1-2 的抗氧化 mRNA 水平。同样，AMC 处理组小肠紧密连接因子 Occludin（P＜0.01）、ZO-1（P＜0.05）、Claudin2（P＜0.01）和 Claudin5（P＜0.01）的 mRNA 水平明显高于对照组。总之，饮水 AMC 补充通过改善肠道形态、炎症反应、抗氧化防御系统和断奶仔猪的屏障功能，对生长性能具有加速作用，从而提高了肠道健康。
