Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
Department of Anesthesiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
J Surg Res. 2024 Aug;300:381-388. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.04.078. Epub 2024 Jun 7.
Firearms now represent the leading cause of death in U.S. children. Therefore, this study aimed to determine if state-level rates of gun ownership, guns in circulation, and strictness of firearm-related laws are related to firearm-related mortality among both juveniles and overall populations.
State firearm mortality rates among the juvenile and overall populations were obtained from 2010 to 2020. The number of weapons registered with the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) and federal firearms licensees for each state were also recorded. Giffords Law Center Scorecard Rankings, a relative measure of the restrictiveness of each state's gun laws, were also collected. Unadjusted linear regressions modeled the relationships between firearm-associated mortality and ATF-registered weapons, federal firearm licensees, Giffords Center rankings, and gun ownership rates. Multivariable (adjusted) analyses were performed to control for poverty, unemployment, and poor mental health.
Unadjusted analyses demonstrated that higher gun ownership rates and more lenient gun laws were associated with increased firearm-associated mortality among juveniles. Similarly, these measures as well as increased ATF-registered weapons and ATF federal firearm licensees were associated with increased firearm mortality in the overall population. In the adjusted analyses, more ATF-registered weapons, more ATF federal firearm licensees, higher gun ownership rates, and more lenient firearm laws were associated with increased firearm-related mortality in the overall population, while increased gun ownership and higher Giffords Center rankings were associated with increased firearm-associated mortality in the pediatric population.
To reduce the toll of gun violence in the United States, policymakers should focus on implementing more restrictive firearm laws and reducing the prevalence of guns in their communities.
枪支现在是美国儿童死亡的主要原因。因此，本研究旨在确定各州的枪支拥有率、流通枪支数量以及枪支相关法律的严格程度是否与青少年和总人口的枪支相关死亡率有关。
从 2010 年到 2020 年，获得了青少年和总人口的州级枪支死亡率数据。还记录了每个州向酒精、烟草、火器和爆炸物管理局（ATF）和联邦枪支许可证持有者注册的武器数量。还收集了吉福兹法律中心评分排名，这是衡量每个州枪支法律严格程度的相对指标。未调整的线性回归模型用于模拟枪支相关死亡率与 ATF 注册武器、联邦枪支许可证持有者、吉福兹中心排名和枪支拥有率之间的关系。进行了多变量（调整）分析以控制贫困、失业和心理健康状况不佳的影响。
未调整的分析表明，较高的枪支拥有率和较宽松的枪支法律与青少年中枪支相关死亡率的增加有关。同样，这些措施以及 ATF 注册武器和 ATF 联邦枪支许可证数量的增加与总人口中枪支死亡率的增加有关。在调整后的分析中，更多的 ATF 注册武器、更多的 ATF 联邦枪支许可证、更高的枪支拥有率和更宽松的枪支法律与总人口中与枪支相关的死亡率增加有关，而更高的枪支拥有率和更高的吉福兹中心排名与儿科人群中与枪支相关的死亡率增加有关。
为了减少美国枪支暴力的影响，政策制定者应专注于实施更严格的枪支法律，并减少其社区中枪支的流行。
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