School of Chemistry and Chem. Eng., University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
School of Chemistry and Chem. Eng., University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Jul;273(Pt 2):132897. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132897. Epub 2024 Jun 6.
Lignin-derived carbon nanodots (LCNs) are nanometer-scale carbon spheres fabricated from naturally abundant lignin. Owing to rich and highly heritable graphene like π-π conjugated structure of lignin, to fabricate LCNs from it not only endows LCNs with on-demand tunable size and optical features, but also further broadens the green and chemical engineering of carbon nanodots. Recently, they have become increasingly popular in sensing, bioimaging, catalysis, anti-counterfeiting, energy storage/conversion, and others. Despite the enormous research efforts put into the ongoing development of lignin value-added utilization, few commercial LCNs are available. To have a deeper understanding of this issue, critical impacts on the preparation, properties, and applications of state-of-the-art LCNs are carefully reviewed and discussed. A concise analysis of their unique advantages, limitations for specific applications, and current challenges and outlook is conducted. We hope that this review will stimulate further advances in the functional material-oriented production of lignin.
木质素衍生碳纳米点（LCNs）是由天然丰富的木质素制成的纳米级碳球。由于木质素具有丰富且高度遗传的类石墨烯 π-π 共轭结构，因此可以从木质素中制备 LCNs，这不仅赋予了 LCNs 可按需调节的尺寸和光学特性，而且进一步拓宽了碳纳米点的绿色和化学工程领域。最近，它们在传感、生物成像、催化、防伪、储能/转换等领域越来越受欢迎。尽管在木质素增值利用的持续发展方面投入了大量的研究努力，但商业化的 LCNs 却很少。为了更深入地了解这个问题，我们仔细审查和讨论了对最先进的 LCNs 的制备、性质和应用的关键影响。对它们在特定应用中的独特优势、局限性以及当前的挑战和展望进行了简洁的分析。我们希望这篇综述将激发在功能材料导向的木质素生产方面的进一步进展。
