Karia Sadie, Tiplady Lucy
Glasgow Dental Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland.
Evid Based Dent. 2024 Jun;25(2):108-109. doi: 10.1038/s41432-024-01021-7. Epub 2024 Jun 7.
A systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was conducted. PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched.
Journal articles published between January 2007 and January 2023 were identified. Studies that assessed malocclusion indices and oral function were included. Non-English articles and irrelevant studies were excluded. A total of 480 articles were identified. Following exclusion, 29 articles were included in the systematic review.
Data was compiled using Microsoft Excel. Information from each article was extracted including study design, evaluation criteria of malocclusion and oral function, and findings. Studies were assessed using the STROBE GRADE approach. The results were compiled in a brief narrative review investigating the type and strength of the association between malocclusion and ingestion.
Malocclusion was recorded using Index of Treatment Need, Dental Aesthetic Index, Goslon Yardstick Index, Index of Complexity Outcomes and Need, Peer Assessment Rating, Angle's classification, Specific Severity Score, dental inter-arch relation and cephalometric analysis. Ingestion was measured by bite force, electromyography, mixing ability index, bolus granulometric analysis, video analysis of kinetic parameters during mastication, and subjective questionnaires. Of the 29 articles identified, 20 demonstrated a negative impact of malocclusion on oral ingestion, highlighting impaired masticatory efficiency, bite force and subjective difficulties. Eight studies found no significant association. One study, which used two questionnaires, found a significant relationship between eating and malocclusion using one questionnaire but not the other.
Limitations in current research methodologies were identified, particularly the heterogeneity in assessment tools. The indicators used to assess ingestion and malocclusion are flawed, with questionable reliability. No study was able to identify which features or severity of malocclusion impact ingestion. The relationship between ingestion and malocclusion could not be quantified and the need for longitudinal and case report studies was deemed essential to establish causality.
This review underscores the importance of considering how malocclusion impacts function in orthodontic treatment planning. Future research should focus on standardised assessment methods for measuring malocclusion and oral ingestion to establish the nature of the relationship between the two. This will ultimately guide orthodontic intervention aiming to enhance oral function.
按照系统评价与Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南进行了一项系统评价。检索了PubMed和Cochrane数据库。
确定了2007年1月至2023年1月发表的期刊文章。纳入评估错牙合指数和口腔功能的研究。排除非英文文章和无关研究。共识别出480篇文章。排除后，29篇文章纳入系统评价。
使用Microsoft Excel汇编数据。提取每篇文章的信息，包括研究设计、错牙合和口腔功能的评估标准以及研究结果。采用STROBE GRADE方法评估研究。结果汇编成一篇简短的叙述性综述，探讨错牙合与摄食之间关联的类型和强度。
使用治疗需求指数、牙齿美学指数、戈斯隆量表指数、复杂性结果与需求指数、同伴评估等级、安氏分类、特定严重程度评分、牙弓间关系和头影测量分析记录错牙合情况。通过咬合力、肌电图、混合能力指数、食团粒度分析、咀嚼过程中动力学参数的视频分析以及主观问卷来测量摄食情况。在确定的29篇文章中，20篇表明错牙合对口腔摄食有负面影响，突出了咀嚼效率、咬合力受损以及主观困难。8项研究未发现显著关联。一项使用两份问卷的研究发现，一份问卷显示饮食与错牙合之间存在显著关系，而另一份问卷则未发现。
确定了当前研究方法的局限性，特别是评估工具的异质性。用于评估摄食和错牙合的指标存在缺陷，可靠性存疑。没有研究能够确定错牙合的哪些特征或严重程度会影响摄食。摄食与错牙合之间的关系无法量化，纵向研究和病例报告研究对于确定因果关系至关重要。
本综述强调了在正畸治疗计划中考虑错牙合如何影响功能的重要性。未来的研究应侧重于测量错牙合和口腔摄食的标准化评估方法，以确定两者之间关系的性质。这最终将指导旨在改善口腔功能的正畸干预。
