General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Aksu First People's Hospital, Xinjiang, China.
J Transl Med. 2024 Jun 7;22(1):545. doi: 10.1186/s12967-024-05320-6.
Recently, research on the human microbiome, especially concerning the bacteria within the digestive system, has substantially advanced. This exploration has unveiled a complex interplay between microbiota and health, particularly in the context of disease. Evidence suggests that the gut microbiome plays vital roles in digestion, immunity and the synthesis of vitamins and neurotransmitters, highlighting its significance in maintaining overall health. Conversely, disruptions in these microbial communities, termed dysbiosis, have been linked to the pathogenesis of various diseases, including digestive system cancers. These bacteria can influence cancer progression through mechanisms such as DNA damage, modulation of the tumour microenvironment, and effects on the host's immune response. Changes in the composition and function within the tumours can also impact inflammation, immune response and cancer therapy effectiveness. These findings offer promising avenues for the clinical application of intratumoral bacteria for digestive system cancer treatment, including the potential use of microbial markers for early cancer detection, prognostication and the development of microbiome-targeted therapies to enhance treatment outcomes. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the pivotal roles played by gut microbiome bacteria in the development of digestive system cancers. Additionally, we delve into the specific contributions of intratumoral bacteria to digestive system cancer development, elucidating potential mechanisms and clinical implications. Ultimately, this review underscores the intricate interplay between intratumoral bacteria and digestive system cancers, underscoring the pivotal role of microbiome research in transforming diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic paradigms for digestive system cancers.
近年来，人类微生物组的研究，特别是关于消化系统内细菌的研究，取得了实质性的进展。这一探索揭示了微生物群与健康之间的复杂相互作用，特别是在疾病方面。有证据表明，肠道微生物组在消化、免疫和维生素及神经递质的合成中起着至关重要的作用，突出了其在维持整体健康方面的重要性。相反，这些微生物群落的失调，即生态失调，与各种疾病的发病机制有关，包括消化系统癌症。这些细菌可以通过 DNA 损伤、肿瘤微环境的调节以及对宿主免疫反应的影响等机制影响癌症的进展。肿瘤内组成和功能的变化也会影响炎症、免疫反应和癌症治疗效果。这些发现为消化系统癌症治疗中肿瘤内细菌的临床应用提供了有前途的途径，包括微生物标志物用于早期癌症检测、预后以及开发针对微生物组的疗法以提高治疗效果的潜力。这篇综述旨在全面概述肠道微生物组细菌在消化系统癌症发展中的关键作用。此外，我们深入探讨了肿瘤内细菌对消化系统癌症发展的具体贡献，阐明了潜在的机制和临床意义。最终，这篇综述强调了肿瘤内细菌与消化系统癌症之间的复杂相互作用，突显了微生物组研究在改变消化系统癌症的诊断、预后和治疗模式方面的关键作用。
