School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Henan Province, China.
School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China.
Environ Pollut. 2024 Sep 1;356:124342. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124342. Epub 2024 Jun 6.
Nanoplastics pose a potential threat to a wide variety of aquatic organisms. Despite the awareness of this existing hazard, the impact of nanoplastics on natural fungal communities remains a research gap. In this study, five dominant fungi species, isolated from a stream ecosystem, were used to explore the effects of different nano-polystyrene (nano-PS) particles concentrations on a simulated fungal community. Specifically, the evaluation was conducted regarding the fungal growth, reproductivity, structural composition, and ecological function in leaf litter decomposition. A 15-day exposure experiment showed that 100 μg/L nano-PS significantly reduced the microcosm pH. The extracellular enzyme activities of β-glucosidase, leucine-aminopeptidase, and peroxidase were significantly promoted by nano-PS exposure for 5 days or 15 days. Total sporulation rate significantly decreased after the 15-day exposure to 1 and 100 μg/L nano-PS and significantly increased under 10 μg/L nano-PS. In contrast, nano-PS concentrations had no effects on fungal biomass. In addition, the reduced relative abundance of Geotrichum candidum lowered its contribution to leaf decomposition, resulting in a decreased litter decomposition rate of a 24.5-27.9 % after exposure. This suggests that 1-100 μg/L nano-PS inhibited leaf decomposition by inhibiting fungal reproduction and reducing the contribution of specific fungal species. In addition, the findings highlight the importance of exploring the potential mechanisms of the interaction between nanoplastics and fungal species.
纳米塑料对各种水生生物构成潜在威胁。尽管人们已经意识到这种存在的危害，但纳米塑料对自然真菌群落的影响仍然是一个研究空白。在这项研究中，我们使用了从溪流生态系统中分离出来的五种主要真菌物种，来探索不同纳米聚苯乙烯（nano-PS）颗粒浓度对模拟真菌群落的影响。具体而言，我们评估了真菌生长、繁殖、结构组成和在叶片分解中的生态功能。为期 15 天的暴露实验表明，100μg/L 的纳米 PS 显著降低了微宇宙的 pH 值。暴露 5 天或 15 天后，β-葡萄糖苷酶、亮氨酸氨肽酶和过氧化物酶的胞外酶活性显著增强。在 1 和 100μg/L 的纳米 PS 暴露 15 天后，总孢子形成率显著降低，但在 10μg/L 的纳米 PS 下显著增加。相比之下，纳米 PS 浓度对真菌生物量没有影响。此外，真菌中相对丰度降低的异常汉逊酵母（Geotrichum candidum）降低了其对叶片分解的贡献，导致暴露后叶片分解率降低了 24.5-27.9%。这表明 1-100μg/L 的纳米 PS 通过抑制真菌繁殖和减少特定真菌物种的贡献来抑制叶片分解。此外，这些发现强调了探索纳米塑料和真菌物种相互作用潜在机制的重要性。
