Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Institute for Advanced Studies, Advanced Studies Complex, Universiti Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur.
Trop Biomed. 2024 Mar 1;41(1):118-124. doi: 10.47665/tb.41.1.014.
Dengue is a mosquito-transmitted infection endemic in tropical and subtropical locations of the world where nearly half of the world's population resides. The disease may present as mild febrile illness to severe and can even be fatal if untreated. There are four genetically related but antigenically distinct dengue virus (DENV) serotypes. Immune responses to DENV infection are in general protective but under certain conditions, they can also aggravate the disease. The importance of the cellular immune responses and the antibody responses involving IgG and IgM has been well-studied. In contrast, not much has been described on the potential role of hypersensitivity reactions involving IgE in dengue. Several studies have shown elevated levels of IgE in patients with dengue fever, but its involvement in the immune response against the virus and disease is unknown. Activation of mast cells (MCs) and basophils mediated through dengue-specific IgE could result in the release of mediators affecting dengue virus infection. The present review explores the relationships between the induction of IgE in dengue virus infection, and the potential role of MCs and basophils, exploring both protective and pathogenic aspects, including antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection in dengue.
登革热是一种由蚊子传播的传染病，流行于世界上热带和亚热带地区，那里居住着近一半的世界人口。这种疾病的表现形式从轻微的发热性疾病到严重疾病不等，如果不治疗甚至可能致命。有四种遗传相关但抗原不同的登革热病毒 (DENV) 血清型。针对 DENV 感染的免疫反应通常是保护性的，但在某些情况下，它们也会加重疾病。细胞免疫反应和涉及 IgG 和 IgM 的抗体反应的重要性已经得到了很好的研究。相比之下，关于涉及 IgE 的过敏反应在登革热中的潜在作用，描述得并不多。几项研究表明，登革热患者的 IgE 水平升高，但它在针对病毒和疾病的免疫反应中的作用尚不清楚。通过登革热特异性 IgE 介导的肥大细胞 (MC) 和嗜碱性粒细胞的激活，可能导致释放影响登革热病毒感染的介质。本综述探讨了登革热病毒感染中 IgE 的诱导与 MC 和嗜碱性粒细胞的潜在作用之间的关系，探讨了包括感染的抗体依赖性增强 (ADE) 在内的保护性和致病性方面。
