Haider Sana, Ullah Sami, Kazi Mohsin, Qamar Fouzia, Siddique Tariq, Anwer Rubia, Khan Saeed Ahmad, Salman Saad
Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan.
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
ACS Omega. 2024 May 20;9(22):23873-23891. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01540. eCollection 2024 Jun 4.
Carrageenan (CG) and ion exchange resins (IERs) are better metal chelators. Kappa (κ) CG and IERs were synthesized and subjected to copper ion (Cu) adsorption to obtain DMSCH/κ-Cu, DC20H/κ-Cu, and IRP69H/κ-Cu nanocomposites (NCs). The NCs were studied using statistical physics formalism (SPF) at 315-375 K and a multilayer perceptron with five input nodes. The percentage of Cu uptake efficiency was used as an outcome variable. Via the grand canonical ensemble, SPF gives models for both monolayer and multilayer sorption layers. For in vitro anticoagulant activity (ACA), the activated partial thromboplastin time were calculated using 100 μL of rabbit plasma incubated at 37 °C. After 2 min, 100 L of 0.025 M CaCl was added, and the clotting time was recorded for each group ( = 6). The results demonstrated that the key covariables for the adsorption process were pH and concentration. The results of artificial neural network models were comparable with the experimental findings. The error rates varied between 4.3 and 1.0%. The prediction analysis results ranged from 43.6 to 89.2. The Δ and Δ values for IRP69H/κ-Cu obtained were -18.91 and -16.32 and 26.21 and 22.74 kJ/mol for the temperatures 315 and 345 K, respectively. Adsorbate species were perpendicular to the adsorbent surfaces, notwithstanding the apparent importance of macro- and micropore volumes. These adsorbents typically fluctuate with temperature changes and contain one or more layers of sorption. Negative and positive sorption energies correspond to endothermic and exothermic processes. The biosorption energy (E1 and E2) values in this experiment have a value of less than 23 kJ mol. Complex SPF models' energy distributions validate surface properties and interactions with adsorbates. At a concentration of 100 μg/mL, DC20H/κ-Cu exhibited an ACA of only 8 s. These NCs demonstrated better greater ACA with the order DC20H/κ < DMSCH/κ < IRP69H/κ. More research is needed to rule out the chemical processes behind the ACA of CG/IER-Cu NCs.
角叉菜胶（CG）和离子交换树脂（IERs）是较好的金属螯合剂。合成了κ-角叉菜胶（κ-CG）和离子交换树脂，并使其吸附铜离子（Cu），以获得DMSCH/κ-Cu、DC20H/κ-Cu和IRP69H/κ-Cu纳米复合材料（NCs）。在315 - 375 K的温度下，使用统计物理形式主义（SPF）和具有五个输入节点的多层感知器对这些纳米复合材料进行了研究。铜离子吸收效率的百分比被用作结果变量。通过巨正则系综，SPF给出了单层和多层吸附层的模型。对于体外抗凝血活性（ACA），使用100 μL在37°C孵育的兔血浆计算活化部分凝血活酶时间。2分钟后，加入100 μL 0.025 M的氯化钙，并记录每组的凝血时间（n = 6）。结果表明，吸附过程的关键协变量是pH值和浓度。人工神经网络模型的结果与实验结果相当。错误率在4.3%至1.0%之间变化。预测分析结果在43.6至89.2之间。对于IRP69H/κ-Cu，在315 K和345 K温度下获得的ΔH和ΔS值分别为-18.91和-16.32以及26.21和22.74 kJ/mol。尽管宏观和微孔体积看似重要，但吸附质物种垂直于吸附剂表面。这些吸附剂通常随温度变化而波动，并包含一层或多层吸附。负吸附能和正吸附能分别对应吸热和放热过程。本实验中的生物吸附能（E1和E2）值小于23 kJ/mol。复杂的SPF模型的能量分布验证了表面性质以及与吸附质的相互作用。在浓度为100 μg/mL时，DC20H/κ-Cu的抗凝血活性仅为8秒。这些纳米复合材料表现出更好的抗凝血活性，顺序为DC20H/κ < DMSCH/κ < IRP69H/κ。需要更多的研究来排除CG/IER-Cu纳米复合材料抗凝血活性背后的化学过程。
