Singh Ayushi, Verma Archana, Dutta Gaurav, Gowane Gopal R, Ludri Ashutosh, Alex Rani
Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001 India.
3 Biotech. 2024 Jul;14(7):177. doi: 10.1007/s13205-024-04018-2. Epub 2024 Jun 6.
Heat stress significantly disturbs the production, reproduction, and systems biology of dairy cattle. A complex interaction among biological systems helps to combat and overcome heat stress. Indicine cattle breed Tharparkar has been well known for its thermal adaptability. Therefore, present investigation considered RNA-seq technology to explore the functional transcriptomics of Tharparkar cattle with the help of samples collected in spring and summer season. Among differentially expressed genes, about 3280 genes were highly dysregulated, in which 1207 gene were upregulated and 2073 genes were downregulated (|log2fold change|≥ 1 and ≤ 0.05). Upregulated genes were related to insulin activation, interferons, and potassium ion transport. In contrast, downregulated genes were related to RNA processing, translation, and ubiquitination. Functional annotation revealed that the pathways associated with nervous system (, ) and metal ion transport (, ) were highly activated while mRNA processing and translation (, ) and protein processing pathway (, ) were highly downregulated. Protein-protein interactions identified hub genes such as , , , , found to play an important role in immune, ubiquitination, translation and transport function. Co-expression network includes , , , and genes which are involved in lysosomal activity, tumor inhibition, ubiquitination, and translation initiation. Chemokine signaling pathway associated with immune response was highly upregulated in cluster analysis. The findings of this study provide insights into transcriptome expression and regulation which may better explain complex thermal resilience mechanism of Tharparkar cattle in heat stress under natural conditions.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-04018-2.
热应激会严重干扰奶牛的生产、繁殖和系统生物学。生物系统之间的复杂相互作用有助于对抗和克服热应激。印度品种塔尔帕卡尔牛以其热适应性而闻名。因此，本研究利用春季和夏季采集的样本，采用RNA测序技术探索塔尔帕卡尔牛的功能转录组学。在差异表达基因中，约3280个基因高度失调，其中1207个基因上调，2073个基因下调（|log2倍数变化|≥1且≤0.05）。上调基因与胰岛素激活、干扰素和钾离子转运有关。相比之下，下调基因与RNA加工、翻译和泛素化有关。功能注释显示，与神经系统（，）和金属离子转运（，）相关的途径高度激活，而mRNA加工和翻译（，）以及蛋白质加工途径（，）高度下调。蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用鉴定出枢纽基因，如，，，，发现它们在免疫、泛素化、翻译和转运功能中起重要作用。共表达网络包括，，，和基因，它们参与溶酶体活性、肿瘤抑制、泛素化和翻译起始。在聚类分析中，与免疫反应相关的趋化因子信号通路高度上调。本研究结果为转录组表达和调控提供了见解，这可能更好地解释塔尔帕卡尔牛在自然条件下热应激中的复杂热适应机制。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s13205-024-04018-2获取的补充材料。
