Traditional studies on allergic rhinitis（AR） have mainly adopted animal models and biomolecular approaches. In addition, the advent of transcriptome sequencing technology is promoting the development of AR at the genetic level. Recently, many scholars have focused on the role of common RNA in the pathogenesis of AR, suggesting that breakthroughs have been made in the field of AR bioinformatics analysis. This review aims to summarize the research advances in AR, the development of transcriptome sequencing technology, and the application of transcriptome sequencing in AR, in order to explore potential drug targets for AR treatment and provide new insights into precision medicine.