The aim of this consensus is to standardize the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic hepatitis B in children and to achieve the goal of "eliminating viral hepatitis as a major public health threat by 2030" issued by the World Health Organization. Formulated by organized experts of the Chinese Society of Infectious Diseases and Chinese Society of Hepatology, Chinese Medical Association, Group of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Pediatric Society, Chinese Medical Association, and National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases (Beijing), the consensus provides the latest evidence and recommendations for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic hepatitis B in children.