Xie Yanxiang, Liu Hongbo, Sun Hengxin, Liu Kui, Gao Jiangrui
Opt Express. 2024 May 20;32(11):19495-19507. doi: 10.1364/OE.523046.
We propose two schemes for estimating the separation of two thermal sources via double homodyne and double array homodyne detection considering the joint measurement of conjugate quadratures of the image plane field.By using the Cramér-Rao bound, we demonstrate that the two schemes can estimate the separation well below the Rayleigh limit and have an advantage over direct imaging when the average photon number per source exceeds five.For arbitrary source strengths, double homodyne detection is superior to homodyne detection when the separation is above 2 / , σ is the beam width, N is the average photon number per source.A larger separation can be estimated better via double array homodyne detection with the superiority of flexible operation compared with other schemes. High-speed and high-efficiency detection enables the measurement schemes with potential practical applications in fluorescence microscopy, astronomy and quantum imaging.
我们提出了两种通过双零差和双阵列零差检测来估计两个热光源间距的方案，其中考虑了像平面场共轭正交分量的联合测量。通过使用克拉美 - 罗界，我们证明这两种方案能够在每个光源的平均光子数超过5时，将间距估计到远低于瑞利极限的程度，并且相较于直接成像具有优势。对于任意光源强度，当间距大于2 / （其中σ是光束宽度，N是每个光源的平均光子数）时，双零差检测优于零差检测。与其他方案相比，双阵列零差检测具有操作灵活的优势，能够更好地估计更大的间距。高速高效的检测使这些测量方案在荧光显微镜、天文学和量子成像等领域具有潜在的实际应用价值。
