Instituto CUDECA de Estudios e Investigación en Cuidados Paliativos, Fundación CUDECA Instituto IBIMA- Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain; Department of Pharmacology and Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Malaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain.
Instituto CUDECA de Estudios e Investigación en Cuidados Paliativos, Fundación CUDECA Instituto IBIMA- Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain; Department of Nursing. School of Health Science, University of Málaga (UMA), Málaga, Spain.
Ann Palliat Med. 2024 Jul;13(4):914-926. doi: 10.21037/apm-23-324. Epub 2024 May 24.
Palliative care (PC) is oriented to improving the quality of life of patients and their families who are facing problems associated with life-threatening illness. It is a continuously changing and evolving field. Although it is a universal right, there are many barriers to addressing the unmet need for PC, affecting both patient and family as well as health care professionals (HCP). Many studies have highlighted the unmet needs of patients and caregivers, but it is also necessary to understand the needs of HCP in order to better develop PC. It is therefore necessary to identify all those barriers and unmet needs in order to develop and guarantee universal quality PC.
Bibliography search in relevant databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Trip Database) of documents published between 2018 and 2022, both included, written in English or Spanish. Key words-MeSH terms: Palliative Care, Palliative Medicine, Health Personnel, Continuing Education, Health Care Providers; and free text: healthcare professionals, continuous learning, training needs, gap, unmet needs, nursing. Articles about children or teenagers were excluded, as those related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
A grand total of 1,150 documents were located and 20 were found through other sources. Additionally, 3 documents were found and kept despite not being included in the timeline previously discussed due to its relevance. Only 20 were finally included in this review. The identified unmet needs throughout the PC continuum have been categorized in three groups: diagnosis/recognition of the patient entering the PC continuum; end-of-life (EoL); and bereavement. Facilitators in PC have been identified in each category.
Given the challenging nature of PC and the lack of knowledge throughout the continuum, addressing the challenges identified may result in meaningful and long-lasting results for both HCP and the patient-family unit. Training would be the answer to most of the unmet needs detected.
姑息治疗（PC）旨在改善面临危及生命的疾病相关问题的患者及其家属的生活质量。它是一个不断变化和发展的领域。尽管姑息治疗是一项普遍权利，但满足姑息治疗需求存在许多障碍，这不仅影响到患者和家属，也影响到医疗保健专业人员（HCP）。许多研究强调了患者和护理人员的未满足需求，但了解 HCP 的需求对于更好地发展姑息治疗也很重要。因此，有必要确定所有这些障碍和未满足的需求，以便制定和保证普遍优质的姑息治疗。
在相关数据库（PubMed、Cochrane Library、Trip Database）中搜索 2018 年至 2022 年间发表的文献，均包括在内，语言为英语或西班牙语。关键词-MeSH 术语：姑息治疗、姑息医学、卫生人员、继续医学教育、卫生保健提供者；以及自由文本：医疗保健专业人员、持续学习、培训需求、差距、未满足的需求、护理。排除与儿童或青少年有关的文章，因为这些文章与 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行有关。
共找到 1150 篇文献，另有 20 篇通过其他途径找到。此外，由于其相关性，尽管不在前面讨论的时间范围内，仍找到了并保留了 3 篇文献。最后只有 20 篇被纳入这篇综述。在姑息治疗连续体的整个过程中发现的未满足需求分为三组：进入姑息治疗连续体的患者的诊断/识别；临终；和丧亲之痛。在每个类别中都确定了姑息治疗的促进因素。
鉴于姑息治疗的挑战性和整个连续体中知识的缺乏，解决所确定的挑战可能会为 HCP 和患者-家庭单位带来有意义和持久的结果。培训将是解决大多数未满足需求的答案。
