Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China.
Clin Interv Aging. 2024 Jun 7;19:1029-1039. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S458675. eCollection 2024.
The respiratory rehabilitation technique is a crucial component of early cardiac recovery in geriatric patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study primarily investigated the effectiveness of a novel respiratory rehabilitation technique, metronomic breathing (MB), on geriatric patients after percutaneous coronary intervention for AMI and compliance with home-based rehabilitation compared to traditional respiratory rehabilitation.
From June 2022 to March 2023, 75 acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients admitted to the Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Cardiovascular Department were consecutively enrolled. Ultimately, 46 patients completed the follow-up in this study-26 in the MB group and 20 in the control group-who underwent the novel MB technique and conventional abdominal breathing training. The primary endpoint of the study was left ventricular function measured by noninvasive hemodynamics three months after discharge. The secondary endpoints were compliance and quality of life after three months of home rehabilitation.
After the intervention, several cardiac functional parameters (SV, SVI, CO, CI, LCW, and LCWI), myocardial contractility parameters (VI), and systemic vascular resistance parameters (SVR and SVRI) were significantly greater in the MB group than in the preintervention group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, post-treatment, the MB group exhibited greater SV, SVI, CO, CI, and VI; lower SVR, SVRI, and SBP; and a lower readmission rate three months later than did the control group. The SF-36 scores after three months of MB intervention, PE, BP, GH, VT, SF, RE, and MH, were all significantly greater than those before treatment (P < 0.05). Moreover, the MB group displayed greater compliance with home-based cardiac rehabilitation (P < 0.05).
Compared to conventional respiratory rehabilitation training methods, short-term metronomic respiratory therapy is more effective for reducing systemic vascular resistance, enhancing left ventricular ejection function, enhancing quality of life, and increasing home-based rehabilitation compliance in geriatric patients following AMI with PCI.
呼吸康复技术是老年急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者心脏早期康复的关键组成部分。本研究主要探讨了一种新的呼吸康复技术——节拍呼吸（MB）对经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）后老年 AMI 患者的有效性，以及与传统呼吸康复相比，对家庭康复的依从性。
2022 年 6 月至 2023 年 3 月，连续纳入上海第十人民医院心血管科收治的 75 例急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者。最终，46 例患者完成了本研究的随访，其中 26 例患者在 MB 组，20 例患者在对照组，他们接受了新的 MB 技术和常规腹部呼吸训练。研究的主要终点是出院后三个月通过无创血流动力学测量的左心室功能。次要终点是三个月家庭康复后的依从性和生活质量。
干预后，MB 组的几个心功能参数（SV、SVI、CO、CI、LCW 和 LCWI）、心肌收缩力参数（VI）和全身血管阻力参数（SVR 和 SVRI）均显著大于干预前（P<0.05）。此外，治疗后，MB 组的 SV、SVI、CO、CI 和 VI 更高，SVR、SVRI 和 SBP 更低，三个月后再入院率更低。MB 干预三个月后的 SF-36 评分、PE、BP、GH、VT、SF、RE 和 MH 均显著高于治疗前（P<0.05）。此外，MB 组在家进行心脏康复的依从性更高（P<0.05）。
与传统的呼吸康复训练方法相比，短期节拍呼吸治疗对降低老年 AMI 患者 PCI 后全身血管阻力、增强左心室射血功能、提高生活质量和增加家庭康复依从性更为有效。
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