Benšić Anja, Kolundžić Zdravko, Dokoza Katarina Pavičić
University of Rijeka, Speech and Language Pathology Studies, Rijeka, Croatia; University of Rijeka, Speech and Language Pathology Center, Rijeka, Croatia.
University of Rijeka, Speech and Language Pathology Studies, Rijeka, Croatia; University of Rijeka, Speech and Language Pathology Center, Rijeka, Croatia.
J Voice. 2024 Jun 11. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2024.05.008.
There is no available data on the prevalence of voice disorders in Croatia. The objective of this research was to determine the prevalence of perceived voice disorders (PVD) in teachers and general population in Croatia using the Croatian Voice Handicap Index (VHI-HR) questionnaire.
This research was divided into two phases. In phase I, the potential of the VHI-HR questionnaire to distinguish individuals with and without voice disorders was assessed. A total of 113 participants completed the VHI-HR. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed. In phase II, a cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 1898 participants, including 1088 teachers from 434 Croatian schools, and 810 nonteachers were included in the study. The questionnaire on sociodemographic factors, potential risk factors associated with voice disorders, and the VHI-HR was administered. The differences in the PVD prevalence in teachers and nonteacher adults and adverse effects of PVD were investigated. The multiple logistic regression model was used to examine the factors associated with PVD occurrence.
In phase I, the cut-off point of 18.32 with 93.44% sensitivity and 98.08% specificity for VHI-HR was determined. In phase II, higher lifetime PVD prevalence was found among teachers. The point prevalence of PVD was 45.68% for teachers, and 21.11% for nonteachers. This study demonstrated that being a teacher, a woman, having a family history of voice disorders, reflux, working in environment with elevated noise levels, and having more than 30years of employment are associated with PVD occurrence.
VHI-HR score of 19 and higher proves effective in distinguishing individuals with voice disorders from those without. The odds of having PVD for teachers are 2.83 times higher than for nonteachers. Risk factors for voice disorders, among others, include occupational use of voice and working in environments with elevated noise levels.
克罗地亚尚无关于嗓音障碍患病率的可用数据。本研究的目的是使用克罗地亚嗓音障碍指数（VHI-HR）问卷确定克罗地亚教师和普通人群中感知嗓音障碍（PVD）的患病率。
本研究分为两个阶段。在第一阶段，评估VHI-HR问卷区分有无嗓音障碍个体的能力。共有113名参与者完成了VHI-HR问卷。进行了受试者操作特征分析。在第二阶段，进行了一项横断面研究。共有1898名参与者纳入研究，其中包括来自434所克罗地亚学校的1088名教师和810名非教师。发放了关于社会人口学因素、与嗓音障碍相关的潜在风险因素以及VHI-HR问卷。调查了教师和非教师成年人中PVD患病率的差异以及PVD的不良影响。使用多元逻辑回归模型检查与PVD发生相关的因素。
在第一阶段，确定VHI-HR的截断点为18.32，敏感性为93.44%，特异性为98.08%。在第二阶段，发现教师中PVD终身患病率较高。教师中PVD的现患率为45.68%，非教师为21.11%。本研究表明，身为教师、女性、有嗓音障碍家族史、胃食管反流、在噪音水平较高的环境中工作以及工作超过30年与PVD的发生有关。
VHI-HR得分为19及以上可有效区分有嗓音障碍的个体和无嗓音障碍的个体。教师患PVD的几率比非教师高2.83倍。嗓音障碍的风险因素包括职业用嗓和在噪音水平较高的环境中工作等。
