Xu Wanna, Liang Xiongshun, Chen Lin, Hong Wenxu, Hu Xuqiao
Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen Institute of Dermatology, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China.
Heliyon. 2024 May 28;10(11):e32063. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32063. eCollection 2024 Jun 15.
Biobanks, through the collection and storage of patient blood, tissue, genomic, and other biological samples, provide unique and rich resources for the research and management of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. These samples contain valuable cellular and molecular level information that can be utilized to decipher the pathogenesis of diseases, guide the development of novel diagnostic technologies, treatment methods, and personalized medical strategies. This article first outlines the historical evolution of biobanks, their classification, and the impact of technological advancements. Subsequently, it elaborates on the significant role of biobanks in revealing molecular biomarkers of chronic diseases, promoting the translation of basic research to clinical applications, and achieving individualized treatment and management. Additionally, challenges such as standardization of sample processing, information privacy, and security are discussed. Finally, from the perspectives of policy support, regulatory improvement, and public participation, this article provides a forecast on the future development directions of biobanks and strategies to address challenges, aiming to safeguard and enhance their unique advantages in supporting chronic disease prevention and treatment.
生物样本库通过收集和存储患者的血液、组织、基因组及其他生物样本，为心血管疾病、糖尿病和癌症等慢性病的研究和管理提供了独特而丰富的资源。这些样本包含有价值的细胞和分子水平信息，可用于解读疾病的发病机制，指导新型诊断技术、治疗方法及个性化医疗策略的开发。本文首先概述了生物样本库的历史演变、分类以及技术进步的影响。随后，阐述了生物样本库在揭示慢性病分子生物标志物、促进基础研究向临床应用转化以及实现个体化治疗和管理方面的重要作用。此外，还讨论了样本处理标准化、信息隐私和安全等挑战。最后，本文从政策支持、监管完善和公众参与的角度，对生物样本库未来的发展方向及应对挑战的策略进行了展望，旨在维护和增强其在支持慢性病防治方面的独特优势。
