Razzaq Amar, Qin Shengze, Zhou Yewang, Mahmood Irfan, Alnafissa Mohamad
Business School, Huanggang Normal University, No. 146 Xinggang 2nd Road, Huanggang, 438000, China.
School of Tourism Management, Wuhan Business University, 300 Dongfeng Blvd, Cai Dian District, Wuhan, 430118, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jun 13;14(1):13667. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-63445-6.
This study investigates the determinants of gender disparities in financial inclusion in Pakistan using Global Findex 2021 survey data. We aim to quantify gender gaps in financial access and use, and to analyze the socio-economic factors influencing these disparities. Grounded in Sen's capability approach and behavioral economics, we employ logistic regression to examine how gender influences the ownership and usage of financial products. Our results reveal significant gender gaps: only 13% of Pakistani women have financial accounts compared to 34% of men, with similar disparities in digital finance. Socio-economic variables like education, income, and employment are found to influence financial inclusion differently for men and women. While generally supportive of financial inclusion, these factors have a weaker effect for women, suggesting deeper societal barriers. This study adds to the global financial inclusion discourse by providing a comprehensive analysis of gender disparities in Pakistan. Our findings highlight the need for gender-sensitive policies that address these disparities to achieve Sustainable Development Goals related to gender equality and economic empowerment.
本研究利用《2021年全球金融普惠指数》调查数据，探究巴基斯坦金融普惠中性别差异的决定因素。我们旨在量化金融获取和使用方面的性别差距，并分析影响这些差距的社会经济因素。基于森的能力方法和行为经济学，我们采用逻辑回归来研究性别如何影响金融产品的拥有和使用情况。我们的研究结果揭示了显著的性别差距：只有13%的巴基斯坦女性拥有金融账户，而男性这一比例为34%，数字金融领域也存在类似差距。研究发现，教育、收入和就业等社会经济变量对男性和女性金融普惠的影响有所不同。虽然这些因素总体上支持金融普惠，但对女性的影响较弱，这表明存在更深层次的社会障碍。本研究通过对巴基斯坦性别差异进行全面分析，丰富了全球金融普惠的讨论。我们的研究结果凸显了制定对性别问题有敏感认识的政策的必要性，以解决这些差距，实现与性别平等和经济赋权相关的可持续发展目标。
